Tuesday, 27 June 2017

Daily GK Update 27th June 2017


1. PM Modi leaves for Netherland in his last leg of his 3 nation visit

i. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has left for the Netherland in his last leg of the three-nation visit after completing his two-day US tour. The Prime Minister will reach Amsterdam where he will hold bilateral talks with his counterpart Mr. Mark Rutte.
ii. Both countries are celebrating 70 years of the establishment of Indo-Dutch diplomatic relations this year. Mr.
iii. Two Memoranda of Understandings (MOUs), one each on water management and cultural exchange, will also be exchanged in the presence of both Prime Ministers.

Important Takeaways from above News-
  • The Capital of The Netherlands is Amsterdam. 
  • The PM of Netherland is Mr. Mark Rutte. 


2. Dangal becomes 1st Indian movie to earn Rs2,000 cr worldwide: Forbes

i. The Aamir Khan starrer Dangal has become the first Indian movie to earn Rs2,000 crore worldwide. Recently, Dangal also created the record of being the fifth highest-grossing non-English film ever.
ii. Based on the life of wrestler Mahavir Singh Phogat, the sports drama film is also the highest grossing Indian film in China. According to a report by Forbes, on its 53rd day of release in China, Dangal made Rs 2.5 crore ($390,000) at the China box office taking its worldwide total to Rs 2000 crore.

Important Takeaways from Above News-
  • Nitesh Tiwari is the Director of Dangal.

3. US designates Hizbul chief Syed Salahuddin as global terrorist

i. The USA designated Pakistan-based Hizb-ul-Mujahideen chief Syed Salahuddin as a specially designated global terrorist.
ii. The move by the US state department came before the first meeting between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Donald Trump at the White House.

4. World Bank clears $250-million loan to train India's job seekers

i. The World Bank has cleared a USD 250-million loan for making Indian youth more employable through reskilling, in a move that is seen to aid the Skill India Mission.
ii. The multi-lateral lender is keen to support the Indian government in its efforts to better equip the young workforce with employable skills. Under the program, adults in 15-59 years of age, underemployed or unemployed, will get the skill training.

Static Takeaways from Above News-
  • The Washington-headquartered World Bank.
  • It was Founded in 1944.
  • Jim Yong Kim is the President of The World Bank.

5. SpiceJet is world’s top airline stock in 2017 with 124% gain


i. Two and a half years after SpiceJet Ltd was forced to ground its entire fleet on its inability to pay a mere $2.2 million in fuel bills, the budget airline has become the world’s best-performing airline stock—with $26 billion in plane orders to boot.
ii. The company’s co-founder and chairman, Ajay Singh, has played the white knight, injecting capital, cutting loss-making routes and aggressively adding capacity in one of the world’s fastest growing markets. SpiceJet shares are the best performers on a Bloomberg Intelligence index of airline stocks this year.

Important Takeaways from Above News-
  • CEO of SpiceJet is Mr. Ajay Singh.
  • It Headquarters in Gurugram.

6. Govt clears proposal for setting up new airport in Greater Noida

i. The Government has cleared the proposal for setting up a new airport in Jewar in Greater Noida. Civil Aviation Minister Ashok Gajapathi Raju stated that in-principle approval for a greenfield airport at Jewar has been granted to cater to the growing flying requirements of National Capital Region.
ii. Acc. to the Aviation Minister, the Noida International Airport will cater to 30 to 50 million passengers per year over the next 10 to 15 years.

Important Takeaways from Above News-
  • The Union Minister of Civil Aviation is Mr. Pusapati Ashok Gajapati Raju.

7. J-K Governor N N Vohra appointed as president of IIC

i. Jammu and Kashmir Governor N N Vohra has been appointed the president of the India International Centre (IIC) - one of the premier cultural institutions in the country.
ii. The appointment was made after eminent jurist Soli Sorabjee quit the presidential post.

Important Takeaways From Above News-
  • IIC was founded in 1958 and its head office is in New Delhi.
  • In 1959, it was registered under the Societies Registration Act (XXI) of 1860.

8. K. Kasturirangan to head panel on National Education Policy

i. Ex-ISRO Chief and Padma Vibhushan awardee Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan has been appointed the Chairman of the committee to prepare the final draft of the National Education Policy.
ii. The Chairperson apart, the committee has eight members. The National Policy on Education was framed in 1986 and modified in 1992.

Important Takeaways from Above News-
  • Prakash Javadekar is the Union HRD Minister.

9. Srinivas Gokulnath becomes 1st Indian to finish solo Race Across America

i. Srinivas Gokulnath from Maharashtra created history by becoming the first Indian to complete the 4,941-km Race Across America (RAAM) in the solo category. Considered to be the toughest cycle race in the world, he cycled for 11 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
ii. In a feat that marks the Indian arrival on the endurance cycling scene globally, another Maharashtrian, Dr. Amit Samarth followed Gokulnath at the finish line at Annapolis on American east coast.
iii. Among the nine men who finished, Gokulnath stood 7th while Samarth was right on his heels at number 8. The race was won by Christoph Strasser.

Important Takeaways from Above News-
  • Srinivas Gokulnath is Nashik’s army doctor.
  • Srinivas Gokulnath holds a national record of cycling 4,000km from Leh to Kanyakumari in 16 days in 2014.

10. Lupin founder & Chairman Dr. Desh Bandhu Gupta passes away


i. Desh Bandhu Gupta, Founder and Chairman of Pharma major Lupin, passed away recently in Mumbai. He was 79.
ii. Under the leadership of Dr. Gupta, the company grew from being a domestic Indian pharmaceutical company to a global pharmaceutical major. It is now the 4th largest generics pharmaceutical player by market capitalization in the world.

గ్రూప్స్‌, ఇతర పోటీపరీక్షల ప్రత్యేకం


గ్రూప్స్‌, ఇతర పోటీపరీక్షల ప్రత్యేకం, 26-06-2017, - మద్రాసులో రైత్వారీ విధానాన్ని ప్రవేశపెట్టింది?
1. విలియం బెంటింగ్‌చేత సతీసహగమనాన్ని రద్దు చేయించింది - రాజారామ్మోహన్‌రాయ్‌
2. రాజారామ్మోహన్‌రాయ్‌ 1815లో 'ఆత్మీయసభ'ను,
- 1828 సంవత్సరంలో ('బ్రహ్మసభ'ను బ్రహ్మసమాజంగా మారింది) స్థాపించాడు
3. బ్రహ్మధర్మం అనే గ్రంథం, తత్వబోధిని అనే పత్రికను వెలువరించింది - దేవేంద్రనాథ్‌ టాగూర్‌
4. 1839 సంవత్సరంలో దేవేంద్రనాథ్‌ టాగూర్‌ తత్వబోధిని సభను స్థాపించాడు. దేవేంద్రుని అనుచరులలో కేశవ్‌ చంద్రసేన్‌ ముఖ్యుడు. బ్రహ్మసమాజంలో చీలిక వచ్చింది
- 1866లో (దేవేంద్రనాథ్‌ అనుచరులు 'ఆదిబ్రహ్మసమాజం'గానూ, కేశవచంద్రుని అనుచరులు 'భారత బ్రహ్మసమాజం'గాను ఏర్పడ్డారు.)
5. ప్రార్థనా సమాజ్‌ను ముంబయిలో ఆత్మారామ్‌ పాండురంగ్‌ ఎప్పుడు స్థాపించాడు - 1867
6. దక్కన్‌ విద్యా సంస్థలను, వితంతు వివాహా సంఘాన్ని స్థాపించింది - మహదేవ్‌ గోవిందరనడే
7. దయానంద సరస్వతి 1875 సంవత్సరంలో ఆర్య సమాజాన్ని ముంబయిలో స్థాపించాడు. హిందూమత సంస్కరణకు ఉద్దేశించిన సంస్థ. వేదాలే విశ్వవిజ్ఞానానికి మూలాధారాలు అన్నాడు. దయానందసరస్వతి రాసిన పుస్తకం - సత్యార్ధప్రకాశిక (ఆర్య సమాజ్‌ శుద్ధి ఉద్యమాన్ని ప్రారంభించింది)
8. గో బ్యాంక్‌ టు వేదాస్‌ అన్నది ఎవరు - దయానంద సరస్వతి (అసలుపేరు -మూల్‌ చంద్‌)
9. 1875 సంవత్సరంలో మాడమ్‌ బ్లావట్‌స్కీ, కల్నల్‌ ఓల్‌కాట్‌లు థియోస్థాపికల్‌ సొసైటీని ఎక్కడ ప్రారంభించారు - అమెరికా
10. థియోసాఫికల్‌ సొసైటీని మద్రాసు వద్ద అడయారుకు ఎప్పుడు మార్చారు - 1879
11. ఎవరి చేరిక వల్ల (1893లో) థియోసాఫికల్‌ సొసైటీ మన దేశంలో ప్రచారంలోకి వచ్చింది - ఐరిస్‌ వనిత అనిబిసెంట్‌
12. బెనారస్‌ హిందూ కళాశాలను ఎవరు స్థాపించారు - మదన్‌ మోహన్‌ మాలవ్య
13. యువబెంగాల్‌ ఉద్యమాన్ని ప్రారంభించింది - హెన్రీ విలియన్‌ డెరోజియో (మొదటి జాతీయవాద కవి)
14. 1887లో బారానగర్‌లో వివేకానందుడు రామకృష్ణ మఠాన్ని ఏర్పాటు చేశారు. 1897లో బేలూర్‌లో రామకృష్ణమిషన్‌ ఏర్పాటు చేశాడు. ఈ రెండు సంస్థలు బేలూరు ప్రధాన కేంద్రంగా ఎప్పటి నుంచి పనిచేస్తున్నాయి- 1898
15. వివేకానందుడు అసలుపేరు - నరేంద్ర నాథ్‌ దత్‌
16. 1893 సంవత్సరంలో వివేకానందుడు చికాగోలో జరిగిన ప్రపంచమతాల పార్లమెంట్‌లో పాల్గొని హిందూమతాన్ని సంస్కృతిని గురించి అద్భుతంగా ప్రసంగించాడు. వివేకానందుడు 1900లో ఏ దేశంలో జరిగిన మత సభలకు హాజయ్యాడు - పారిస్‌
17. 1856 సంవత్సరంలో ప్రభుత్వంచే వితంతు పునర్వివాహ చట్టాన్ని చేయించింది - ఈశ్వరచంద్ర విద్యాసాగర్‌
18. వితంతు వివేకము గ్రంథకర్త - ఈశ్వరచంద్ర విద్యాసాగర్‌
19. విద్యాసాగర్‌ ఏ సంవత్సరంలో తన ఇంట్లోనే మొట్టమొదటి వితంతు వివాహం చేయించాడు - 1865 సంవత్సరంలో
20. బ్రహ్మమతం స్వీకరించి రాజమహేంద్రవరంలో ప్రార్థనా సమాజాన్ని సంఘ సంస్కరణ సంఘాన్ని స్థాపించిన ఆంధ్ర సంఘ సంస్కర్త ఎవరు - కందుకూరి వీరేశలింగం
21. కందుకూరి 1881 డిసెంబర్‌ 11న ఏ వివాహాలకు శ్రీకారం చుట్టారు - వితంతు వివాహాలు (ఆంధ్రప్రాంతంలో)
22. మహారాష్ట్రలో లోక్‌హితవాది అని ఎవరిని అంటారు - గోపాల్‌ హరిదేశ్‌ముఖ్‌
23. మహారాష్ట్రలో బడుగు వర్నాల వారికోసం 1873లో సత్యశోధక్‌ సమాజాన్ని ఎవరు ఏర్పాటు చేశారు - జ్యోతిరావుఫూలే
24. ఇస్లాం మతాన్ని పునరుద్ధరించడానికి ప్రారంభమైన వహాబి ఉద్యమాన్ని (ఇచ్చిన్‌ అబ్దుల్‌ వహాబ్‌ అరేబియాలో ప్రారంభించారు) ఇండియాలో వ్యాపింపజేసింది - సయ్యద్‌ అమ్మద్‌ బరెల్వీ
25. మహమ్మదీయులలో ఆధునిక విద్యను వ్యాపింపజేయడానికి స్త్రీ జనోద్ధరణకు ఆలీఘర్‌ ఉద్యమాన్ని ప్రారంభించింది - సర్‌ సయ్యద్‌ అహమ్మద్‌ఖాన్‌
26. కోల్‌కతాలోని హిందూ కళాశాలని ఎవరు స్థాపించారు - డేవిడ్‌హార్‌ (1817)
27. ముంబయిలో దర్పణ్‌ వార పత్రికను నిర్వహించినవారు - బాలశాస్త్రి జుంభేకర్‌
28. బ్రిటిష్‌ పాలనలో కేంద్ర, రాష్ట్ర ఆర్థిక వనరులను వేరుచేయడానికి ప్రయత్నించిన మొట్టమొదటి వేశ్రారు - లార్డ్‌మేయో
29. విక్టోరియారాణి భారతదేశపు రాణి బిరుదును ఎప్పుడు స్వీకరించింది - 1876
30. దక్కను ఎడ్యుకేషనల్‌ సొసైటీని ఎవరు స్థాపించారు - నౌరోజీపుర్దైన్‌జీ, దాదాభారు నౌరోజీ, ఎస్‌.ఎస్‌.బంగాలీ
31. ఆల్‌ ఇండియా ఉమెన్స్‌ కాన్ఫరెన్స్‌ ఎప్పుడు ప్రారంభించారు - 1927
32. రాజకీయ సంస్కరణలు కావాలని ఉద్యమించిన మొట్టమొదటి భారతీయుడు - రాజారామ్మోహన్‌రాయ్‌
33. ముంబయి ప్రెసిడెన్సీ అసోసియేషన్‌ను ఎవరు స్థాపించారు - ఫిరోజ్‌షా మెహతా, కె.టి.తెలంగ్‌, త్యాబ్జీ
34. 1869-72 కాలంలో మన దేశంలో 1871 సంవత్సరంలో జనాభా లెక్కల సేకరణ జరిగింది ఎవరి కాలంలో - లార్డ్‌ మేయో
35. ప్రిన్స్‌ ఆఫ్‌ వేల్స్‌ మొదటిసారిగా ఇండియాను ఎప్పుడు సందర్శించారు - 1875
36. డ్రెయిన్‌ ఆఫ్‌ వెల్త్‌ గురించి చెప్పిన పావర్టీ అండ్‌ అన్‌ బ్రిటిష్‌రూల్‌ ఇన్‌ ఇండియా అనే పుస్తక రచయిత - దాదాబాయి నౌరోజీ (గ్లాండ్‌ ఓల్డ్‌మెన్‌ ఆఫ్‌  ఇండియా)
37. సివిల్‌ సర్వీసెస్‌ పరీక్ష రాసే విద్యార్థులకు వయోపరిమితి 19 సంవత్సరాలు తగ్గించిన వైస్రారు
- లిట్టన్‌ (ఆయుధగార చట్టం, ప్రాంతీయ భాషా పత్రికల అపహరణ చట్టరూపశిల్పి - 1878 సంవత్సరంలో)
38. 1881లో కర్మాగార చట్టం ప్రవేశపెట్టిన వైస్రారు - రిప్పన్‌ (స్థానిక స్వపరిపాలన సంస్కరణ పిత)
39. విద్యాభివృద్ధిని రిప్పన్‌ హంటర్‌ కమిషన్‌ను ఎప్పుడు నియమించారు - 1882
40. భారత న్యాయమూర్తులు కూడా ఐరోపావారిని విచారించే అధికారం కలుగజేసేబిల్లు (ఇల్వర్ట బిల్‌)ను ప్రవేశపెట్టింది - రిప్పన్‌
41. లిట్టన్‌ పెట్టిన ఆయుధగార చట్టాన్ని రద్దు చేసింది - రిప్పన్‌
42. భారతీయ కాంగ్రెస్‌ 1885 డిసెంబర్‌ 28న 72 మంది డెలిగేట్స్‌తో ముంబయిలోని సంస్కృత కళాశాలలో ప్రారంభించారు. దీనికి డబ్ల్యూసి బెనర్జీ అధ్యక్షత వహించారు. కాంగ్రెస్‌ పార్టీ స్థాపనకు ఎఓ.హ్యూమ్‌ బాధ్యుడు. అప్పటి వైస్రారు - లార్డ్‌ డిఫిన్‌
43. కర్జన్‌ (1899-1905) వైస్రారు కాలంలో ప్రాచీన శిధిలాల రక్షణ చట్టం ఎప్పుడు చేశారు - 1904లో
44. 1905లో బెంగాల్‌ను విభజించింది - కర్జన్‌
45. వందేమాతరం గీత రచయిత - బంకిం చంద్ర చటర్జీ (ఆనంద్‌మఠ్‌ నవలలోనిది)
46. ఆల్‌ ఇండియా ముస్లిం లీగ్‌ పార్టీని ఆగాఖాన్‌ ఢాకానవాబు సలీముల్లా ఖాన్‌ ఎప్పుడు ప్రారంభించారు - 1906లో
47. వార్త పత్రికలు ఇంగ్లీషులో 'మరాఠా', మరాఠిలో 'కేసరి' స్థాపించింది - తిలక్‌ (తిలక్‌కు ఫాదర్‌ ఆఫ్‌ ఇండియాన్‌ ఆన్‌రెస్ట్‌ అనే బిరుదులున్నాయి)
48. 1906 ఐఎన్‌సి-కోల్‌కతా కాంగ్రెస్‌ సమావేశానికి అధ్యక్షత వహించింది - దాదాబాయి నౌరోజీ
49. 1907లో సూరత్‌లో జరిగిన కాంగ్రెస్‌ సమావేశంలో కాంగ్రెస్‌ పార్టీ అతివాదులు, మితవాదులుగా చీలిపోయారు. కాంగ్రెస్‌ అధ్యక్ష స్థానాన్ని మితవాది అయిన ఎవరు అలంకించారు - రాసబిహారీఘోస్‌
50. మింటో మార్లే సంస్కరణ - 1909, మాంటేగ్‌ చేమ్స్‌ఫర్డ్‌ సంస్కరణ - 1919
51. లార్‌ ్డ హోర్గింగ్‌ వైస్రారు కాలంలో 1911లో కింగ్‌జార్జి దేనిని సందర్శించాడు - ఢిల్లీ దర్బారును
52. రాజధానిని కోల్‌కతా నుంచి ఢిల్లీకి ఎప్పుడు మార్చారు - 1912
53. తిలక్‌ జైలులో ఉన్నప్పుడు ఏ గ్రంథాన్ని రచించాడు - గీతరహస్య
54. పూనా కేంద్రంగా 1916 ఏప్రిల్‌లో తిలక్‌ హోంరూల్‌ లీగ్‌ను స్థాపించాడు. మద్రాసు కేంద్రంగా 1916 సెప్టెంబరులో హోంరూల్‌ లీగ్‌ను స్థాపించింది - అనిబిసెంట్‌
55. న్యూ ఇండియా, ది కామన్‌ వీల్‌ పత్రికల స్థాపకులు - అనిబిసెంట్‌
56. 1916 లక్నోలో కాంగ్రెస్‌ సమావేశమైంది. తిలక్‌ కృషి వల్ల అతివాదులు, మితవాదులు కలిసి కాంగ్రెస్‌ ఏకమైంది. తిలక్‌, జిన్నాల కృషి వల్ల స్వాతంత్య్రం కోసం కలిసి పోరాడాలని కాంగ్రెస్‌, ముస్లింలీగ్‌ నిశ్చయించుకున్నాయి. దీనిని ఏమంటారు - లక్నోపాక్ట్‌
57. కోల్‌కతా విశ్వవిద్యాలయం ఎలా పనిచేస్తుందని దానిపై వేసిన కమిషన్‌ - సెడ్లర్‌ కమిషన్‌
58. రెవెన్యూ పరిపాలనను, న్యాయ పరిపాలనను వేరుపరచిన మొట్టమొదటి గవర్నర్‌ జనరల్‌ ఎవరు - కారన్‌వాలీస్‌
59. సైన్య సహకార పద్ధతిని ప్రవేశపెట్టిన బ్రిటీష్‌ గవర్నర్‌ జనరల్‌ - వెల్లస్లీ
60. రైత్వారీ విధానం మద్రాసులో ఏ గవర్నర్‌ జనరల్‌ కాలంలో ప్రవేశపెట్టారు - లార్డ్‌ హేస్టింగ్స్‌
61. ధగ్గులు అనే దారిదోపిడీ దొంగలను నాశనం చేసిన బ్రిటీష్‌ జనరల్‌ ఎవరు - విలియం స్లీమాన్‌
62. భారతదేశంలో ఆంగ్ల విద్యా విధానాన్ని ప్రవేశపెట్టాలని సిఫార్సు చేసిన ఆంగ్లేయుడు - లార్డ్‌మెకాలే
63. వాయవ్య సరిహద్దు రాష్ట్రాలలో రెవెన్యూ సంస్కరణలకు రూపశిల్పి - రాబర్ట్‌ బర్డ్‌
64. మద్రాసులో రైత్వారీ విధానాన్ని ప్రవేశపెట్టిన వ్యక్తి - సర్‌ థామస్‌మన్రో
65. భారతీయ పత్రికలపై నిషేధాలను ఎత్తివేసిన బ్రిటిష్‌ గవర్నర్‌ జనరల్‌ - ఛార్లెస్‌ మెట్‌కాఫ్‌
66. రాజ్యసంక్రమణ సిద్ధాంతాన్ని ఉపయోగించి డల్హౌసి ఏఏ స్వదేశీ సంస్థానాలను ఆక్రమించాడు - సతారా (1848), జైపూర్‌, సంబల్‌పూర్‌ (1849), భరత్‌ (1850), ఉదరుపూర్‌ (1853), ఝాన్సీ నాగపూర్‌ (1854).
67. ప్రసిద్ధి చెందిన ఛార్లెస్‌ ఉడ్స్‌ డిస్పాచ్‌ ఎవరి కాలంలో నియమించారు - డల్హౌసీ
68. భారతదేశాన్ని పాలించిన బ్రిటిష్‌ వైశ్రారులలో ఒకే ఒక్క యూదుడు ఎవరు - లార్డ్‌ రీడింగ్‌
69. లార్డ్‌ కర్జన్‌ కాలంలో మాక్‌డొనల్‌ అధ్యక్షతన కరువు లేదా ఫేమిన్‌ కమిషన్‌ను, నీటిపారుదల సౌకర్యాలు మెరుగు పర్చడం కోసం ఏ కమిషన్‌ను ఏర్పాటు చేశారు - మాంక్రిఫ్‌ కమిషన్‌
70. బ్రిటిష్‌ ఇండియా, ఆఫ్ఘనిస్తాన్‌ల మధ్య సరిహద్దు రేఖను నిర్ణయించడానికి లార్డ్‌ లాండ్స్‌డౌన్‌ నియమించిన సంఘం పేరేమిటి - డ్యూరాండ్‌ కమిషన్‌

full forms


B. A. — Bachelor of Arts
M. A. — Master of Arts
B. Sc. — Bachelor of Science
M. Sc. — Master of Science
B. Sc. Ag. — Bachelor of Science in
Agriculture
M. Sc. Ag. — Master of Science in Agriculture
M. B. B. S. — Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery
M. D. — Doctor of Medicine
M. S. — Master of Surgery
Ph. D. / D. Phil. — Doctor of Philosophy (Arts & Science)
D. Litt./Lit. — Doctor of Literature / Doctor of Letters
D. Sc. — Doctor of Science
B. Com. — Bachelor of Commerce
M. Com. — Master of Commerce
Dr. — Doctor
B. P. — Blood Pressure
Mr. — Mister
Mrs. — Mistress
M.S. — miss (used for female married & unmarried)
Miss — used before unmarried girls)
M. P. — Member of Parliament
M. L. A. — Member of Legislative Assembly
M. L. C. — Member of Legislative Council
P. M. — Prime Minister
C. M. — Chief Minister
C-in-C — Commander-In-Chief
L. D. C. — Lower Division Clerk
U. D. C. — Upper Division Clerk
Lt. Gov. — Lieutenant Governor
D. M. — District Magistrate
V. I. P. — Very Important Person
I. T. O. — Income Tax Officer
C. I. D. — Criminal Investigation Department
C/o — Care of
S/o — Son of
C. B. I. — Central Bureau of Investigation
G. P. O. — General Post Office
H. Q. — Head Quarters
E. O. E. — Errors and Omissions Excepted
Kg. — Kilogram
Kw. — Kilowatts
👉Gm. — Gram
👉Km. — Kilometer
👉Ltd. — Limited
👉M. P. H. — Miles Per Hour
👉KM. P. H. — Kilometre Per Hour
👉P. T. O. — Please Turn Over
👉P. W. D. — Public Works Department
👉C. P. W. D. — Central Public Works Department
👉U. S. A. — United States of America
👉U. K. — United Kingdom (England)
👉U. P. — Uttar Pradesh
👉M. P. — Madhya Pradesh
👉H. P. — Himachal Pradesh
👉U. N. O. — United Nations Organization
👉W. H. O. — World Health Organization
👉B. B. C. — British Broadcasting Corporation
👉B. C. — Before Christ
👉A. C. — Air Conditioned
👉I. G. — Inspector General (of Police)
👉D. I. G. — Deputy Inspector General (of Police)
👉S. S. P. — Senior Superintendent of Police
👉D. S. P. — Deputy Superintendent of Police
👉S. D. M. — Sub-Divisional Magistrate
👉S. M. — Station Master
👉A. S. M. — Assistant Station Master
👉V. C. — Vice-Chancellor
👉A. G. — Accountant General
👉C. R. — Confidential Report
👉I. A. S. — Indian Administrative Service
👉I. P. S. — Indian Police Service
👉I. F. S. — Indian Foreign Service or Indian
Forest Service
I. R. S. — Indian Revenue Service
👉P. C. S. — Provincial Civil Service
👉M. E. S. — Military Engineering Service
Full Form Of Some technical Words
VIRUS - Vital Information Resource
UnderSeized.
3G -3rd Generation.
GSM - Global System for Mobile
Communication.
CDMA - Code Divison Multiple
Access.
UMTS - Universal MobileTelecommunication
System.
SIM - Subscriber Identity Module .
AVI = Audio Video Interleave
RTS = Real Time Streaming
SIS = Symbian
OS Installer File
AMR = Adaptive Multi-Rate Codec
JAD = Java Application Descriptor
JAR = Java Archive
JAD = Java Application Descriptor
3GPP = 3rd Generation Partnership Project
3GP = 3rd Generation Project
MAA=Mehboob Anwar Ansari
MP3 = MPEG player lll
MP4 = MPEG-4 video file
AAC = Advanced Audio Coding
GIF= Graphic InterchangeableFormat
JPEG = Joint Photographic Expert Group
JPEG = Joint Photographic Expert Group
BMP = Bitmap
SWF = Shock Wave Flash
WMV = Windows Media Video
WMA = Windows Media Audio
WAV = Waveform Audio
PNG = Portable Network Graphics
DOC =Document (MicrosoftCorporation)
PDF = Portable Document Format
M3G = Mobile 3D Graphics
M4A = MPEG-4 Audio File
NTH = Nokia Theme (series 40)
THM = Themes (Sony Ericsson)
MMF =
Synthetic Music Mobile Application File
NRT = Nokia Ringtone
XMF = Extensible Music File
WBMP = Wireless Bitmap Image
DVX = DivX Video
HTML = Hyper Text Markup Language
WML =
Wireless Markup Language
CD -Compact Disk.
☀ DVD - Digital Versatile Disk.
☀ CRT - Cathode Ray Tube.
☀ DAT - Digital Audio Tape.
☀ DOS - Disk Operating System.
☀ GUI -Graphical
User Interface.
☀ HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.
☀ IP - Internet Protocol.
☀ ISP - Internet Service Provider.
☀ TCP - Transmission Control Protocol.
☀ UPS - UninterruptiblePower Supply.
☀ HSDPA -High Speed Downlink PacketAccess.
☀ EDGE - Enhanced Data Rate for
☀ GSM- [GlobalSystem for Mobile
Communication]
Evolution.
☀ VHF - Very High Frequency.
☀ UHF - Ultra High Frequency.
☀ GPRS - General
PacketRadio Service.
☀ WAP - Wireless ApplicationProtocol.
☀ TCP - Transmission ControlProtocol.
☀ ARPANET - Advanced Research Project
Agency Network.
☀ IBM - International Business Machines.
☀ HP - Hewlett Packard.

New Pattern English


Directions (1-7): In each of the following questions a related pair of words or phrases is followed by four pairs of words or phrases. Select the pair that best expresses a relationship that is least similar to the one expressed in the question pair.

Q1. DELUSION: HALLUCINATION
(a) cheat: counterfeit
(b) sophism: deception
(c) eidolon: ghost
(d) phantom: reality
(e) None of the above is correct


Q2. JUVENILE: MATURE
(a) calumny: slander
(b) fallacy: verity
(c) exhortation: discourage
(d) solvency: debts
(e) None of the above is correct

Q3. SPINACH: PINK
(a) apple: red
(b) pear: blue
(c) turquoise: orange
(d) rose: green
(e) None of the above is correct

Q4. CABLE: ELECTRICITY
(a) wire: sound
(b) artery: blood
(c) lamp: oil
(d) canal: water
(e) None of the above is correct

Q5. EXOTIC: INDIGENOUS
(a) routine: extraordinary
(b) culture: refinement
(c) callow: mature
(d) tame: wild
(e) None of the above is correct

Q6. CLOTHES: BODY
(a) antimacassar: chair
(b) carpet: floor
(c) frame: picture
(d) paint: signboard
(e) None of the above is correct

Q7. ASININE: VACUOUS
(a) nefarious: villainous
(b) heinous: flagitious
(c) deciduous: evergreen
(d) synonymous: equal
(e) None of the above is correct

Directions (8-15): In each question, there are four sentences. Each sentence has pairs of words/phrases that are italicized and highlighted. From the italicized and highlighted word(s)/phrase(s), select the most appropriate word(s)/phrase(s) to form correct sentences. Then choose the best option.

Q8. (i) The vacuum cleaner came with several complementary [A]/complimentary [B] attachments for cleaning different surfaces.
(ii) In an age infatuated of machines, life becomes amoral [A]/immoral [B], without moral bearings, devoid of moral categories.
(iii) The trainer mounted the horse and rode for some distance in order to dispel [A]/expel [B] the fears of the child.
(iv) It was as if she had seen a ghost that her face had a deadly [A]/deathly [B] pallor.
(a) ABAB
(b) AAAB
(c) BAAA
(d) BAAB
(e) BBBB

Q9. (i) When he was upset, one could see his juggler [A]/jugular [B] veins standing out in his neck.
(ii) At this junction [A]/juncture [B] students are required to make careful decisions about their future course.
(iii) He made a few unexceptionable [A]/unexceptional [B] propositions, all quite relevant to the discussion.
(iv) As an architect she was involved in the development of urbane [A]/urban [B] housing projects in the city.
(a) ABAB
(b) ABBA
(c) BAAA
(d) BBAB
(e) AAAA

Q10. (i) The speaker could not shout over the babble [A]/bauble [B] of the crowd and he was not heard.
(ii) She felt bad [A]/badly [B] about having to lie to her friend; but she had no choice.
(iii) The farmers were loading bails [A]/bales [B] of hay onto the truck.
(iv) The students waited for the answer to a question that has vexed them for many days with baited [A]/bated [B] breath.
(a) ABAB
(b) AABB
(c) BABB
(d) BAAB
(e) BBBB

Q11. (i) On television, we have been witnessing the baneful [A]/baleful [B] results of war as Israel attacks Hamas in Gaza.
(ii) The wrestler appeared to be tall and burly [A]/burley [B] as he stood by the TV announcer.
(iii) Clouds smoke billowed [A]/bellowed [B] into the air as the fire engulfed the building.
(iv) The old patriarch uttered a malediction [A]/benediction [B] against the rival clan.
(a) BAAA
(b) AAAA
(c) ABAB
(d) AAAB
(e) BBBB

Q12. (i) Sudha Murthy’s beneficent [A]/beneficial [B] activities have resulted in many organizations that help the poor.
(ii) She could not think of any earthly [A]/earthy [B] reason to go out with him in such heavy rain.
(iii) His egoism [A]/egotism [B] prevented him from making practical decisions.
(iv) To go out of the building, you are requested to use the egress [A]/ingress [B] behind the building.
(a) AABA
(b) BBBA
(c) BABB
(d) BBAA
(e) AAAA

Q13. (i) She demonstrated immanent [A]/imminent [B] good sense in her dress and behaviour.
(ii) The thunder was heard immediately [A]/imminently [B] after they saw lightning.
(iii) He went to the diary [A]/dairy [B] section to pick a few packets of milk.
(iv) Her nervousness was obvious with her forehead damp [A]/dank [B] with perspiration.
(a) ABBA
(b) BBBA
(c) AABA
(d) BBAB
(e) BBBB

Q14. (i) In the internet age there is no dearth [A]/death [B] of uncensored, firsthand information.
(ii) He would often digress [A]/regress [B] into his past and talk at length about his childhood.
(iii) His small physique worked against him minimizing [A]/diminishing [B] his authority as a CEO.
(iv) She had a very official [A]/officious [B] manner, always offering her services even when she was not asked nor needed.
(a) ABAB
(b) ABBB
(c) BABA
(d) BAAB
(e) BBBB

Q15. (i) The newlywed couple was facilitated [A]/felicitated [B] by their friends before they left the town.
(ii) If my girlfriend invited me to dinner I would feign [A]/fain [B] do it for sure.
(iii) We hung [A]/hanged [B] the painting on the wall.
(iv) The law has a structure [A]/stricture [B] against sale and possession of guns.
(a) BBAB
(b) ABAB
(c) BBAB
(d) AAAB
(e) AAAA


Solutions
S1. Ans.(d)
Sol. Answer option D, phantom and reality are antonyms; all the others including the key pair are synonyms.  

S2. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer option A, the key pair is opposites. Option A is synonyms. calumny-the making of false and defamatory statements about someone in order to damage their reputation; slander.

S3. Ans.(a)
Sol. Spinach is not pink; hence the least similar is Apple and Red.

S4. Ans.(c)
Sol. Cable conducts electricity, lamp and oil do not have a similar relationship.

S5. Ans.(b)
Sol. The key pair is antonyms; option B is synonyms. Culture and refinement are synonyms in applied meaning.

S6. Ans.(d)
Sol. Clothes protect the body; similarly, the first three options are related to each other. Antimacassar is a piece of ornamented cloth that protects the back of chair from hair oils.  

S7. Ans.(c)
Sol. The key pair is synonymous. Option c is opposite.
asinine-extremely stupid or foolish. vacuous-having or showing a lack of thought or intelligence; mindless.
deciduous-(of a tree or shrub) shedding its leaves annually.

S8. Ans.(b)
Sol. AAAB. Complementary fits the sentence because attachments cannot be complimentary – given free. Without moral bearings etc. makes one amoral – being neither moral nor immoral, rather than immoral. Dispel means to remove; expel means to throw out. Deadly means dangerous; deathly means death-like.

S9. Ans.(d)
Sol. BBAB. Jugular is the main vein in the neck; juggler is a person who does tricks. Junction is where two paths meet; juncture means an important point in one’s development or history. Unexceptionable means unobjectionable; unexceptional means ordinary/commonplace. Urbane means suave or sophisticated; urban means related to the city.

S10. Ans.(b)
Sol. AABB. Babble means meaningless and loud talk; bauble means a trinket/trifle. She felt bad because feel is a stative verb in the context; stative verbs need to be followed by an adjective (bad) and not an adverb (badly). Bail as a noun is a container; bale (noun) means a large bundle. Bated breath is the correct idiom; baited (past tense of bait) means to entice or lure.

S11. Ans.(b)
Sol. AAAA. Baneful means poisonous, deadly or destructive; baleful means sinister. Burly means strong and heavy build. Burley is a type of tobacco. Billow means to rise in waves/spirals. Bellow is to make a loud and hollow sound. Malediction means a curse; benediction means a blessing.

S12. Ans.(a)
Sol. AABA. Beneficent means performing acts of Kindness and charity; beneficial is conducive to personal or social well-being. Earthly means possible; earthy means practical. Egoism emphasizes self-interest; egotism means conceited or proud. Egress is way out and ingress is a way in.

S13. Ans.(c)
Sol. AABA. Immanent means in-build; imminent is waiting to happen. Immediately means directly or straightaway which correct in the context. Diary is a record of events and dairy is where milk products are stored. Damp implies slightly wet. Dank is unpleasantly wet (stinking)

S14. Ans.(b)
Sol. ABBB. Dearth means scarcity, hence correct. Digress means to stray away from the topic; regress means to go back in time. Minimize means to keep to minimum; diminish means to cause to appear less. Officious means volunteering one’s services where they are neither asked nor needed or meddlesome.

S15. Ans.(c)
Sol. BBAB. Facilitate means to help bring about; felicitate means to offer congratulations. Feign means to pretend , fain means willing, obliged, constrained etc. The past tense of hang is hung and hanged; but hanged is used only in the context of hanged to death and in no other. Stricture means restriction.

Sentence Improvements


Directions (1-15): In each of the following questions, a part of the paragraph or sentence has been Bold. From the choices given to you, you are required to choose the one, which would best replace the Bold part in terms of grammatical usage.

Q1. The tendency to eat late, though it has never been tested properly, many nutritionists believe, as a factor in putting on weight.
(a) many nutritionists believe, to be a factor in putting on weight.
(b) many nutritionists believe factor in putting on weight.
(c) is believed by many nutritionists to be a factor in putting on weight.
(d) is believed by many nutritionists as a factor in putting on weight.
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.


Q2. On the billion or so Windows machines, some 63% still uses old XP version launched in 2001, in America, the proportion of XP users are over 80%.
(a) some 63% still use the old XP version launched in 2001, in America the proportion of XP users are
(b) some 63% still uses the old XP version launched in 2001; in America, the proportion of XP users are
(c) some 63% still use the old XP version launched in 2001 in America, the proportion of XP users is
(d) some 63% still use the old XP version launched in 2001; in America, the proportion of XP users is
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q3. Though subjected to varying influences, the distinctive features of China's artistic activity possess a unity which is quite as complete as that of our Western art.
(a) possess a unity which is quite as complete as that of our Western art.
(b) possesses a unity which are quite as complete as our Western art.
(c) possesses a unity which is quite complete like our Western art.
(d) possess a unity which is quite complete like our Western art.
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q4. To know by parts is science, knowing the whole as a whole is philosophy.
(a) Knowledge of parts is science,
(b) Knowing by parts is science,
(c) To know partially is science,
(d) To know by parts is science,
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q5. In the fission reactions that nuclear power generation rely on today, heavy elements such as uranium breaks into smaller ones.
(a) relies on today, heavy elements such as uranium break into smaller ones.
(b) rely on today, heavy elements such as uranium break into smaller ones.
(c) relies on today, heavy elements such as uranium breaks into smaller ones.
(d) rely on today, heavy elements such as uranium breaks into smaller ones.
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q6. The nature of our party system has changed in the past few decades, and the lesson of the past decade had been that the party that did not hold the White House had every incentive to refuse to co-operate with the president's party.
(a) was that the party that does not hold the White House had every incentive
(b) is that the party that does not hold the White House has every incentive
(c) has been that the party that had not held the White House had every incentive
(d) had been that the party that did not hold the White House had every incentive
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q7. Looking at the path of German GDP and the fact that total private sector hours didn't fall by that much, it becomes clear that Germany's unique recession and recovery was about more than just its choice in labour market policies.
(a) Looking at the path of German GDP and that total private sector hours didn't fall much,
(b) Looking at the path of German GDP and the fact that total private sector hours didn't fall much,
(c) When one looks at the path of German GDP and the fact that total private sector hours didn't fall much,
(d) When one is looking at the path of German GDP and that total private sector hours didn't fall much,
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q8. The Beijing Language and Culture University Press, the largest publisher of Chinese-language textbooks, says South Korea and Japan are their biggest customers.
(a) say South Korea and Japan are their biggest customers.
(b) says South Korea and Japan are it's biggest customers.
(c) says South Korea and Japan are their biggest customers.
(d) says South Korea and Japan are its biggest customers.
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q9. There are two pieces to Mr Keats' argument; that English is open-source as other languages are not; and that is why it has spread.
(a) Mr Keats' argument, that English is open-source as other languages are not and that
(b) Mr Keats' argument: that English is open-source as other languages are not, and that that
(c) Mr Keats' argument - that English is open-source as other languages are not-and that
(d) Mr Keats' argument; that English is open-source as other languages are not; and that that
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q10. The number of foreigners going to India for fertility treatments, specially surrogacy, has dramatically increased in recent years.
(a) especially surrogacy, have dramatically increased in past years.
(b) especially surrogacy, has dramatically increased in recent years.
(c) specially surrogacy, have dramatically increased in recent years.
(d) specially surrogacy, have shown dramatic improvement in recent years.
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q11. The LHC is a magnificent engineering project, who's many "gee-whiz" features have been widely reported.
(a) whose many "gee-whiz" feature have been widely reported.
(b) who's "gee-whiz" features has been reported widely.
(c) whose many "gee-whiz" features has been widely reported.
(d) who's many "gee-whiz" features have been widely reported.
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q12. Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, outspoken as usual, compared the choice of Liu for the Nobel Prize with Obama.
(a) compared the choice of Liu for Nobel Prize with that of Obama.
(b) compared the choice of Liu with Obama for the Nobel Prize.
(c) compared the choice of Liu for the Nobel Prize to that of Obama.
(d) compared the choice of Liu and Obama to the Nobel Prize.
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q13. The OECD expects average GDP growth among their mostly rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 and 2.3% in 2011, before bouncing back to 2.8% in 2012.
(a) their most rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 and 2.3% in 2011,
(b) their mostly rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 and 2.3% in 2011,
(c) its most rich members to slow between 2.8% in 2010 to 2.3% in 2011,
(d) its mostly rich members to slow from 2.8% in 2010 to 2.3% in 2011,
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q14. A sphere cannot be represented on a flat plane without distortion, which will mean that all map projections will distort in one way or another.
(a) which means all map projections distort in one way or another.
(b) that means all map projections will distort one way or another.
(c) which will mean that all map projections distorts one way or other.
(d) which means all map projections will distort in one way or others.
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.

Q15. The blame for rising obesity rates have been pinned on many things, including having more calorific diet, the spread of processed food, a lack of exercise and modern man's generally more stressful lot.
(a) has been pinned on many things, including a more calorific diet.
(b) have been pinned to many things, including more calorific diets,
(c) have been pinned on many things, including a calorie rich diet,
(d) has been pinned on many things: having a more calorific diet,
(e) None of the above replace the bold part.


Solutions

S1. Ans.(c)
Sol. Answer Option C. There are two clauses in this sentence: The tendency to eat late is believed (by nutritionists) to be a factor in putting on weight and (though) it has never been tested properly. The first clause can also be correctly constructed as "The tendency to eat late, many nutritionists believe, is a factor in putting on weight." But, this is not among the options. "believed ... as a factor" is incorrect.

S2. Ans.(d)
Sol. Answer Option D. Portions (percent, fractions etc...) the verb will agree with the noun what follows the of. (50 of the people come from ...... 50% of the money comes from ... etc) In this sentence the noun is machines; hence, the verb 'use' is correct. When there is already a comma in any of the punctuation that replaces a conjunction has to be a semicolon. In the above sentence, there is no conjunction. Option C makes the sentence incorrect because the sentence is not saying "launched in 2001 in America." "The proportion... "is the subject in the next clause; hence, the verb has to be singular 'is'.

S3. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. There is no error in the original sentence nor does it need any improvement. 'features' needs a plural verb 'possess'. To establish comparison 'that of' is necessary.

S4. Ans.(b)
Sol. Answer Option B. Faulty parallelism in all the other options.

S5. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. Pure subject-verb agreement question. The subject 'nuclear power generation' required the singular verb 'relies' and 'heavy elements' requires the plural verb 'break'.

S6. Ans.(b)
Sol. Answer Option B. Tense inconsistency. The lesson of the past decade has to be either "is' or 'was', hence had been is eliminated. The option with was A continues the sentence into the present tense and is illogical. The consistent present tense in option B makes the whole idea a fact. (simple present tense is used to state facts)

S7. Ans.(c)
Sol. Answer Option C. Modifier error if 'it' is retained as the subject. 'it' cannot be 'looking.' Option A and B are, hence, eliminated. Option D unnecessarily uses the continuous tense, and has a parallelism error. When one looks at...... the path and the fact are parallel. Hence option C is the only correct choice.

S8. Ans.(d)
Sol. Answer Option D. The verb 'says' and the pronoun 'its' are consistent with the subject "The Beijing Language and Culture University Press".

S9. Ans.(b)
Sol. Answer Option B. A colon correctly introduces the list of ideas. Semicolon in its place is incorrect. Dashes (option C) are incorrect because the idea (between the dashes) is not parenthetical. The second 'that' is necessary to maintain parallelism. The possessive of Keats can be either Keats' or Keats's.

S10. Ans.(b)
Sol. Answer Option B. Specially vs especially (Specially means exclusively for, especially means - for a particular purpose); 'especially' suit the context better because 'infertility treatments' are mentioned as that class of treatments the tourists go for. Option C and D are eliminated. 'The number of foreigners...' is the subject. "the number" is always singular, hence 'has' is the correct verb.

S11. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. Who's vs whose-whose is the possessive of who. 'many features' is plural, hence the verb has to be the plural 'have.'

S12. Ans.(c)
Sol. Answer Option C. Choice is compared, hence that of (choice of) is essential. Otherwise choice and Obama are directly compared making it an error. To identify either the similarities or the differences between two things, use "compare to." To identify both the similarities and the differences (at the same time), use "compare with." ('Compared with' places the things compared) on equal level.) India is often compared with China. India is often compared to the US. In comparing with something, one finds or discusses both things that are alike and things that are different.

S13. Ans.(d)
Sol. Answer Option D. The OECD is singular (that is why the verb is 'expects' rather than expect; the pronoun has to be consistent, hence its is necessary-their is incorrect. 'mostly rich members' is correct, 'their most rich members' is vague. 'from' needs to be followed by 'to', not 'and'. Option D corrects these errors.

S14. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. The shift to future tense is unnecessary from the present 'cannot be represented' as it is a fact. It is an error to change ‘which’ to ‘that’, as ‘which’ introduces a descriptive clause. 'one way or another' is the correct idiom.

S15. Ans.(a)
Sol. Answer Option A. Since the subject is 'the blame'-the verb has to be singular 'has'. 'pinned on' is correct idiom. 'A more calorific diet' is parallel with 'the spread of...' and a lack of...' Hence option D is faulty parallelism.