KRISHNA MOHAN

Wednesday, 2 August 2017

PERCENTAGE ( WITH EXPLANATION)

1. Concept of percentage or Percentage formula

To express x% as a fraction: We have, x%
x/100 Thus, 30%=30/100= 3/10

In simple terms we can conclude that percentage symbol "%" means 1/100

In case we are having a fraction and we have to calculate its percentage then we will multiply it by 100.
that is, a/b=(a/b)×100)%

2. Increase or decrease in percentage with price

(1) If the price of a commodity increases by R%, then the reduction in consumption -

so as not to increase the expenditure will be = [R/ (100+R)×100]%

( 2) If the price of a commodity decreases by R%, then the increase in consumption so as not to decrease-

the expenditure will be = [R/(100−R)×100]

3. Results on population
Formula's on result of population are very important when we have to calculate the population n years -

after or n years before,
Let the population of a town be P now and suppose it increases at the rate of R% per annum, then
(1) Population after n years =P(1+R/100)ⁿ

(2) Population before n years =P/(1+R/100)ⁿ

4. Results on Depreciation
We know that value of a machine depreciate with time, so it will decrease with the time.

To calculate the value of machine after n years or before n years, we use these formula's

Let the present value of a machine be P. Suppose it depreciates at the rate of R% per annum.
(1) Population after n years = P(1−R/100)ⁿ

(2) Population before n years =P/(1−R/100)ⁿ

5. Important results for Percentage
The formulas we are going to mention below is same as of increase or decrease in -

consumption with increase or decrease in the commodity price, just here we are in a bit different context.
(1) If A is R% more than B, then B is less than A by = [R/(100+R)×100]%

(2) If A is R% less than B, then B is more than A by = [R/(100−R)×100]%

QUESTIONS :

1. Two numbers are less than third number by 30% and 37% respectively. How much percent is the second number-

less than by the first

(1) 20% (2) 30 %

(3) 10% (4) 40%

2. In an examination, 34% of the students failed in mathematics and 42% failed in English. If 20% of the-

students failed in both the subjects, then find the percentage of students who passed in both the subjects.

(1) 40% (2) 41%

(3) 43% (4) 44%

3. In the new budget , the price of kerosene oil rose by 25%. By how much percent must a person reduce his-

consumption so that his expenditure on it does not increase ?

(1) 20% (2) 30%

(3) 22% (4) 24%

4. The value of a machine depreciates at the rate of 10% per annum. If its present is Rs.1,62,000.?

What was the value of the machine 2 years ago ?

(1) 200000 (2) 20000

(3) 2000 (4) None of these

5. A student multiplied a number by 3/5 instead of 5/3. What is the percentage error in the calculation?

(1) 60% (2) 62%

(3) 64% (4) 65%

ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS:

1. (3) : Let the third number is x.
then first number = (100-30)% of x
= 70% of x = 7x/10

Second number is (63x/100)
Difference = 7x/10 - 63x/100 = 7x/10
So required percentage is, difference is what percent of first number
=> (7x/100 * 10/7x * 100 )% = 10%

2. (4) : Failed in mathematics, n(A) = 34
Failed in English, n(B) = 42

n(AUB) = n(A) + n (B) – n (A∩ B )

= 34 + 42- 20 = 56
Failed in either or both subjects are 56

Percentage passed = (100−56)%=44%

3. (1) : Reduction in consumption = [((R/(100+R))*100]%
? [(25/125)*100]%=20%.

4. (1): Value of the machine 2 years ago
= Rs.[162000/(1-(10/100)²)]=Rs.[162000*(10/9)*(10/9)]= Rs.200000

5. (3) : Let the number be x

Then, error = (5/3)x – (3/5)x =(16/15)x

Error% = [(16x/15) /(5x/3)] * 100% = 64%

PERCENTAGE

Dear readers, here we are providing some questions on Percentage which will helpful in your upcoming SSC exam

1. A number increased by 20% and then decreased by 20%. Finally the number is:

(a) Decreased by 4% (b) increased by 4%

2. Two numbers are less than third number by 30% and 37% respectively. How much percent is the second number less than by the first

(a) 20% (b) 30 %

3. In an examination, 34% of the students failed in mathematics and 42% failed in English.

If 20% of the students failed in both the subjects, then find the percentage of students who passed in both the subjects.

(a) 40% (b) 41%

4. In the new budget, the price of kerosene oil rose by 25%. By how much percent must a person reduce -

his consumption so that his expenditure on it does not increase?

(a) 20% (b) 30%

5. The value of a machine depreciates at the rate of 10% per annum. If its present is Rs.1, 62,000. What was the value of the machine 2 years ago?

(a) 200000 (b) 20000

6. A student multiplied a number by 3/5 instead of 5/3. What is the percentage error in the calculation?

(a) 60% (b) 62%

7. Two number x and y are respectively 20% and 50% more than a third number x is how month percent of y?

(a) 30 % (b) 45%

8. 13% of a number exceeds 5% of the same by 16. The number is :

(a) 500 (b) 450

9. If A exceeds B by 60% and B is less than C by 20%, then A:C is

(a) 32:25 (b) 25:32

10. In an examination, a student had to obtain 33% of the maximum marks to pass. He got 125 marks

and failed by 40 marks .the maximum marks were :

(a) 500 (b) 600

ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS:

1. (a):

Final change = a²/100 à (20*20)/100, 4% decrease

2. (c):

Let the third number is x.
then first number = (100-30)% of x = 70% of x = 7x/10

Second number is (63x/100)
Difference = 7x/10 - 63x/100 = 7x/10
So required percentage is, difference is what percent of first number
=> (7x/100 * 10/7x * 100 )% = 10%

3. (d):

Failed in mathematics, n(A) = 34
Failed in English, n(B) = 42

n(AUB) = n(A) + n (B) – n (A∩ B )

= 34 + 42- 20 = 56
Failed in either or both subjects are 56

Percentage passed = (100−56)%=44%

4. (a):

Reduction in consumption = [((R/(100+R))*100]%
[(25/125)*100]%=20%.

5. (a):

Value of the machine 2 years ago
= Rs.[162000/(1-(10/100)²)]=Rs.[162000*(10/9)*(10/9)]= Rs.200000

6. (c):

Let the number be x

Then, error = (5/3)x – (3/5)x =(16/15)x

Error% = [(16x/15) /(5x/3)] * 100% = 64%

7. (d):

Let the third number is 100

∴The number x = 120 and the number y = 150

∴ x is how much percent of y = x*100/y = 120*1oo/150 = 80%

8. (d):

Let the number is X

∴13% of the x-5% of x = 16

∴13*x/100 – 5*x/100 = 16 àX = 200

9. (a):

Let the C = 100 then the B = 80

And A = 80*160/100 = 128

∴ A : C 128:100 = 32:25

10. (a):

Let the maximum marks were x

∴x*33/100 = 125+40 =165

∴x = 165*100/33 = 500

Percentage (Study notes & Quiz)

Here we also Providing some concept clearing quiz for analysing yourself. Time management also very crucial part for gain good marks in-

exam. so use wisely your time. Do not waste time on lengthy questions.

These Study notes are provided by one of our ardent K M reader Insomniac. We wish you good luck for future.

Percentage:

The word defines itself Per means 1 upon something and Cent Is like Paise. In India we have 1 rupee = 100 paise

So per cent = 1/100 Part of something or %[ This sign even means 1/100] So if i say 20% of something Just multiply that something by 20/100 or 0.2

Like wise if is say 30% then it simply means i want to know 30/100th or 3/10th part value of something.

Why Do we Use percentage ?

Basically It is used for comparison.

Like If i say i got 400 marks in 10th and the other guy says that he got 600 marks in 10th.

So Numerically He has got more marks than me But does his score is relatively better than me ?

For that purpose we must know that He got 600 marks out of how many marks.

Let's say he got 600 out of 1000. So his percentage marks will be 60%

And I got 400 out of 500. So my % marks will be 80%.

Now you can easily say that My marks are better because i am getting 80% and he is getting 60%.

How to calculate Percentage [ You all know it but just say I am telling it to myself :P ]

Well the simple formula is [Value/total value] * 100

For example A Ring Contains 63 gm of Gold and total weight of ring is 70 gm. Find the percentage of Gold in the ring ?

So By the Formula [Value/Total Value]*100

[63/70]*100

[9/10]*100

90%.

% to Decimal Conversion or Fraction Conversion.

Just remember in Fraction Conversion we leave the fraction as it is without Converting Into Decimal.

While in Decimal Conversion we first convert into fraction then Write the Decimal Value of that fraction.

Very easy You just have to dive by 100 nothing else.

For example 30% = 30/100 = 0.3

21% = 21/100 = 0.21

99% = 99/100 = 0.99

60% = 60/100 or 3/5 = 0.6

Case 1 [ Percentage of Quantity ]

Find the no. of male Students i.e boys, If there are 47% male students in the school and Total no. of students in the school is 1000.

As i said If you See anywhere % of something. Just convert the no. into it decimal value and multiply by that Something.

So in the above Question Boys are 47%[ Convert this into Decimal and you will get 0.47] of 1000 [ Something]

So what we gonna do friends we will just multiply it by 0.47

So the no. of Boys will be 0.47*1000 = 470.

Lets See another Example.

A student scored 85% marks. Total marks are 400. How much marks did he score.

So a student got 85% marks out of 400

So again 85%[ Convert 85% in decimal i.e 0.85] of 400 [something]

So the answer will be 0.85*400 = 340

so 340 is our answer.

Well they can also Change the Final Question.

Like in First Example they asked Find the no. of male students. They could have asked the no. of students that are not male.

So what we should do in that case. Nothing to worry my friend just do the usual job 47% are male-

that means that the rest 53% are not male now calculate 535 of 1000 that will be your answer i.e 530

Case 2 [ Inverse Case]

Now in the case 1 we were just asked to Find the % value something.

But What if % value of something is given and we have to find the Total Value. ?

Now to worry below example will make it clear.

30% of a Number is 150. What is the number.

So after examining the question we can say that 30% of Some number is 150[ But we don't know yet what is the original number]

When we don't know about something Just Assign a variable to that value.

So we say that the Original Number is x

So as mentioned in the question 30% of x = 150

[ Convert 30% into decimal] 0.3*x= 150

0.3x = 150

x = 150/0.3

x = 500

So you see it's Quite easy.

Likewise Many Different Question can be formed on the same logic. Lets discuss 1

There are 200 girls in the class and girls and girls make up 25% of the class. Find the total No. of students in the class.

We don't know the No. of students so assume that no. of students is x

So what is given in the Question.

25% of Total Students in the class are Girls and Total Girls in the class is 200

lets just try convert above [English] Statement into mathematical Form

25% of x = 200

0.25*x = 200x = 200/0.25

x = 800

So total no. of students in the class = 800.

Case 3 - Percentage Change.[ Very Important For DI]

The simple Way to put that is [( Change in Quantity/ Original Quantity) *100 ] Also [change in quantity = Final Quantity - Initial Quantity]

Note- The quantity in whose respect % change is asked is considered as the base By base i mean the original value in the above formula.

Let me make it clear to you with the help of Some Example.

The height of Nikhil some times ago was 160cm. Now his height is 200cm. Find the % change in his height?

So if we analyse the above question We can say that all we have to calculate is the % change in the height of Nikhil with respect to his Earlier Height.

So now lets apply the formula here [( Change in quantity/ Original Quantity) * 100]

Which will be [{( 200-160)/160} * 100 ]

[{40/160}*100]

[(1/4)*100]

25%

So the % change in height = 25%.

Case 4- Use of Base Value and With Respect To Cases[ Very very Important For DI]

Suppose Salary of Raman is 80,000 and Salary of Ved is 1,00,000. The questions are

What per cent is the salary of Ved to that of Raman?

It's a very simple Question If you just know in whose respect you have to find the %.

Now in the above Question we have to find the % of ved salary with respect to ELF's Salary [ remember jiske respect me % nikalna hota hai Wohi base hota hai ]

So here we have to find Ved's Salary with respect to Raman So we use the formula [ (Value/ In whose respect it is asked)*100]

So ved's salary in respect to Raman's salary will be [ (1,00,00/80,000)*100 ] = 125%

So VED's Salary is 125% of Raman's Salary.

If the question was just opposite.

Like What percent is the salary of Raman to that of Ved. (In this Question the Base will be Ved's Salary)

So lets just apply the formula [ Value/ In whose respect it is asked) * 100]

(80,000/1,00,000)*100 = 80%

So elf's salary is 80% of VED's Salary.

Case 5 - Product Constancy [ Most Important Because With it's Application You can also solve Questions related to Time and Work,

Speed Time Distance, Average etc. This Concept has a very huge application]

i - Speed*Time = Distance

ii- efficiency*time = work

ii- Length*breadth= area

iv- Average*No. of elements = Total value

v - rate*quantity = Expenditure

let me make you clear with an example.

The price of sugar is increased by 25% then by how much per cent should a customer reduce the consumption

( i.e quantity used) Of sugar so that he has not increase his expense on Sugar.

Just remember If one factor of product constancy is increased by P% then the other factor will be decreased by [(p)/(100+p) * 100] To maintain the Product Constancy.

Now in the above Question The rate of sugar is increased by 25% So by how much % we should reduce the quantity to maintain the same expenditure

Just apply the above formula [(p)/(100+p)*100] = (25/125)*100 = 20%

Now It sound Simple but It is difficult to remind these formulas at the time of Solving Question So let me Give you simple method of learning this Formula.

Just Imagine In Your mind that the Quantity is 100. Ok

if the value is inreased by 25 % how much should the consumption be reduced.

Now all you have to remember is [(How much % value is Increased/ What it becomes after increase) * 100 ]

No as i said In your mind the Quantity is 100. How much the value is increased in the above Question yeah 25%

And how much it will become after 25% increase if the Quantity was 100 yeah That will be 125. So the answer will be

(25/125)*100 = 20%

lets try again If the price of petrol is increased by 50%. By how much % the consumption be reduced so the expenditure remains same.

Just apply the formula How much increased = 50

What it will become after 50% increase = 150

% redcution required = (50/150)* 100 = 33.33%

In the same way you can also use the same formula for calculating just the opposite.

For Example If the price of Sugar is reduced by 20% by how much should the family increase it's consumption So the expenditure remains same?

How much % decrease ? = yeah it is 20%

What it will become after 20% decrease = Yeah 80

So Increase required = (20/80)*100 = 25%

lets do one more question.

The price of petrol is reduced by 33.33% but how much % should a person increase his consumption so that His expenditure remains constant.

How much decrease = 33.33

What it will become after 33.33% decrease = 66.66

So % increase required = (33.33/66.66)*100 = 50%

The Length of Rectangle is Increased by 25% By what % the breadth be reduced so that are remains Constant?

Try Again How much Increase 25

What it becomes 125

% to be reduced = (25/125)*100 = 20%

Same way the Question of Time Speed Distance can also be solved But i will teach that when i will Explain Time Speed And Distance.

Case 6 - Increase or decrease In value to Get Back the Original Value.

Remember if a value P is increase by x % then we have to decrease the resultant value by

[{ x/(x+100)} *100]% to get back the original value.

For Example Rocky's Salary is 1000rs and it Increased by 10%. How much % His salary must be Decreased So that he Gets His original Salary.

Apply the above Formula [{x/(x+100)}*100 = [ {10/(100+10)}*100] = 100/11 or 9.09090%

In case of Decrease.

The formula will be [ {x/(100-x)}*100]%

Rocky Salary is 1000 and it is decreased by 10%. By how much % his salary must be increased so that he gets His Original Salary.

Apply the formula here [{10/(100-10)}*100]% = 100/9 % or 11.11%

But Instead of Doing All this BS you can Also Apply My previous formula here.

Like Salary Increased 10. what wit will become 110.

How much it should be reduced = (10/110)*100 = 100/11 = 9.09%

Again Salary decreased = 10, What it will become 90.

So how much it should be increased to get the original salary = (10/90)*100 = 100/9 = 11.11%

CASE - 7 Concept of "by" and 'to"

Please note that there is very Big Difference between by and to.

Eg . The income is reduced BY 40% it means the New Income 60% of the original value.

And If income is to 40% it means The new Income is 40% of the Original Value.

Case 8 - Consecutive Increase in Percentage.

Suppose the Salary of Sumit is first increase by 20% and Then again it's Increased by 20%.

What is the Total Percentage Increase in His Salary.

Now don't try to be smart here and just add 20% and 30%And say That it's 50% Increase-- THAT WILL BE TOTALLY WRONG.

Actuall let me make the Picture a Little bit Clear. What actually Happens in the case of Consecutive Increase and Decrease.

Now Just Suppose that The Salary of Sumit was 1000 Rs. it gets Increased by 20% so What it will become ? Yeah you are right 1200rs.

Now When it is Again Increased by 30% Then we are Calculating that 30% increase on 1200RS ans not on 1000 So the Inrease will be -

30% of 1200 which will be 360. So increased salary will be 1200 + 360 = 1560.

Now are two Shortcut Methods Here.

1st Simple Multiplication.

When I say Something is increased by 20% It means It's Value Is increased by 20 % or It's Total value is 120% of the original Value Ok ?

Like 100 is incresed by 20% That means it's final value will be 100 + 20% of 100 = 100 + 20 = 120.

So if Sumit Salary is Increased By 20% that the Value will be 100*1.2.

And If it's Again increased by 30% then the value will be 100*1.2*1.3 = 100*1.56 = 156.

Total increase = 56.

Percentage Increase = 56%

2nd Method Formula Approach.

Well the formula is [x + y + (xy)/100]% [Note this formula works only when there is 2 increases]

Now apply the formula in above Question you will get 20 + 30 + (20*30)/100 = 50 + 600/100 = 50 + 6 = 56%

Same Sumit's Salary is 1000rs and if it's asked the Salary of Sumit is Increased First by 20% then 30% and then again by 40% then what will be Total Increase and Final Salary.

It's Pretty simple now 1000*1.2*1.3*14 = 2184

That's the final Salary and % inrease = [(2184-1000)/1000]*100 = (1184/1000)*100 = 118.4%

Some Similar Questions Are like.

The Side of Square is Increased by 10% what will be the increase in Area.

So Just Let The Value of Eaxh side is x, If it's Increased by 10% Then it will become 1.1x

As You know are = Side*side

So Initially The Area without Increase Would Have been x*x = x^2

After Increase the Area will be 1.1x*1.1x = 1.21x^2

So total % increase in area will be 21%.

Case -9 Consecutive Increase and Decrease Simultaneously

In the last case we saw the case of % increase but now we will learn how to solve when there is a consecutive Increase and as well As decrease.

It's same as the last example.

Sumit's Salary is 1000rs Suppose the salary of Megamind was first Increased by 30% and Then decreased by 20%. What will be final Increase or Decrease in His Salary.

Just do The same Thing 30% increase means 1000*1.3

And then 20% Decrease mean 0.8times [ remember we have to decrease here and 20% decrease means 0.2 Point decrease]

So total decease = 1000*1.3*0.8 = 1040.

Final Increase = 40RS

% Increase will be 4%.

With Formula.

Remember the formula x + y + (xy)/1000

Same formula can be used here But remember Increase means +ve Sign and decrease means -ve sign,

So apply here now 30 - 20 + (30)(-20)/100 = 10 - 600/100 = 10 - 6 = 4%.

Thank you Insomniac..

Quiz :

Time : 5-6 minutes.

1. Two students appeared at an examination. One of them secured 9 marks more than the other -

and his marks was 56% of the sum of their marks. What are the marks obtained by them?

A) 42, 36

B) 44, 39

C) 42, 33

D) 44, 37

E) None of these.

2. A fruit seller had some oranges. He sells 40% oranges and still has 420 oranges.

How many oranges he had originally?

A) 690

B) 700

C) 720

D) 745

E) None of these.

3. A batsman scored 110 runs which included 3 boundaries and 8 sixes. What percent of his total score did he make by running between the wickets?

A) 45(6/11) %

B) 45(7/11) %

C) 45(5/11) %

D) 46(5/11) %

E) None of these.

4. In an election between two candidates, one got 55% of the total valid votes, 20% of the votes were invalid. If the total number of votes was 7500,

what was the number of valid votes that the other candidate got?

A) 3690

B) 2700

C) 5720

D) 4745

E) None of these

5. A student has to obtain 33% of the total marks to pass. He got 125 marks and failed by 40 marks. The maximum marks are

A) 600

B) 700

C) 520

D) 500

E) None of these.

6. A housewife saved Rs. 2.50 in buying an item on sale. If she spent Rs. 25 for the item, approximately how much percent she saved in the transaction ?

A) 6 %

B) 7 %

C) 10 %

D) 9(1/11) %

E) None of these.

7. A pipe X is 30 meters and 45% longer than another pipe Y. find the length of the pipe Y?

A) 600/29 meter

B) 37.25 meter

C) 20 meter

D) 50 meter

E) None of these.

8. On my sister’s 15th birthday, she was 159 cm in height, having grown 6% since the year before. How tall was she the previous year ?

A)156 cm

B) 150 cm

C) 155 cm

D) 172 cm

E) None of these

9. Sumit got 30% of the maximum marks in an examination and failed by 10 marks. However, Sujith who took -

the same examination got 40% of the total marks and got 15 marks more than the passing marks. What were the passing marks in the examination?

A) 96

B) 150

C) 75

D) 85

E) None of these

10. 30% of the men are more than 25 years old and 80% of the men are less than or equal to 50 years old. 20% of all men play football.

If 20% of the men above the age of 50 play football, what percentage of the football players are less than or equal to 50 years?

A) 60 %

B) 50%

C) 80 %

D) 85 %

E) None of these

Answers:

1. C
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. D
6. D
7. A
8. B
9. D
10.C

Introduction: Bar charts are one of the important types of DI as questions on Bar Graphs in the State Bank of India (SBI) Probationary Officers exams have been asked frequently. After Analysing previous year question papers we can say the data interpretation section will consist of 2–3 Bar Graphs. It is beneficial to every student to understand the concepts of Bar Graphs so that they can secure good marks in the section.

Bar Graphs: These graphs are one of the oldest methods to present a data. The bar graphs consist of bars, each of which is a thick box. The value of the reading the bar is determined by the height of the bar. The bar graphs are generally presented with different colors, shades, dots, dashes, etc.

The questions on the basis of the Bar Graphs are generally asked to find the relation among facts and the figures. The question can be asked to find average, ratio or percentage of some facts and figures related to some other facts and figures.

Now we move onto the different kinds of bar charts and the kinds of data that can be represented on a bar chart:

1. Simple Bar Charts: The Simple bar chart is the ‘simplest’ bar chart which has one continuous variable charted along with one discrete variable. Exercise 1 shows an example.

Ex-1: Directions for Questions 1 to 5 : Answer the questions based on the following bar graph.

Distribution of Rose production in different states

1.Which of the following state (s) contribute (s) less than 10 percent in the total rose production?

(a) Only Rajasthan

(b) Rajasthan, Karnataka

(d) Rajasthan, Karnataka, Haryana and Gujarat

(e) Rajasthan and Haryana

2.By what percentage rose production of other states is more than that of the Maharashtra?

(a) 25%

(b) 30%

(d) 15%

(e) 10%

3.What is the approximate average production of roses (in thousands) across all the states? (Consider others as one state)

(a) 21

(b) 20

(d) 18

(e) 22

4.Approximately what percentage of the total rose production is shared by the other states?

(a) 10%

(b) 12.4%

(d) 16.8%

(e) 15.5%

5.If total percentage contribution of the states having production of roses below twenty thousand is considered, which of the following statements is true?

(a) It is little above 35%

(b) it is exactly 35%

(d) It is more than 45%

(e) Cannot be determined

Answers (1-5) with Explanation:

2. Composite Bar Charts: If two or more sets of continuous variables are to shown on the same bar chart, we use what is called a composite bar chart. Exercise 2 will make it clear.

Ex-2: Directions for questions 6 to 10 : Study the following graph carefully and answer the questions based on it.

The production of fertilizer in lakh tones by different companies (A, B, C, D and E) for three years 1996, 1997 and 1998

6.The total production by five companies in 1998 is approximately what percent of the total production by companies B & D in 1996?

(a) 100%

(b) 50%

(d) 207%

(e) 200%

7.What is the ratio between average productions by company B in three years to the average production by company C in three years?

(a) 6 : 7

(b) 8 : 7

(d) 7 : 6

(e) 6 : 5

8.For which of the following companies the rise or fall in production of fertilizer from 1996 to 1997 was the maximum?

(a) A

(b) B

(d) D

(e) E

9.What is the percentage drop in production by company D from 1996 to 1998?

(a) 30%

(b) 43%

(d) 35%

(e) 28%

10.The average production for three years was maximum for which of the following companies?

(a) D only

(b) E only

(d) D & E both

(e) E & B both

Answers (6-10) with Explanation:

3. Representation of percentage on a stacked bar chart: Sometimes stacked bars can also be used to represent the break-up of some continuous variable. Exercise 3 will make it clearer.

Such a use of bar charts is quite convenient for comparing two or more sets of data.

Ex-3: Directions for Questions 11 to 15 : The following chart shows the composite of the GDP of two countries(India and Bangladesh)

11.What fraction of India's GDP is accounted for by services?

12.If the total GDP of Bangladesh is Rs10,000 crore, then the GDP accounted for by Manufacturing is:

(a) Rs200 crore

(b) Rs600 crore

(d) Rs6,000 crore

(e) None of the above

13.If the total GDP of India is Rs30,000 crore, then the GDP accounted for by Agriculure, Services and Miscellaneous together is:

(a) Rs200 crore

(b) Rs600 crore

(d) Rs9,000 crore

(e) None of the above

14.which country accounts for higher earning out of services and Miscellaneous together is?

(a) India

(b) Bangladesh

(d) Cannot be determined

15.If the total GDP is the same for both the countries,then what percentage is Bangladesh's income through agriculture over India's income through services?

(a) 100%

(b) 200%

(d) 125%

(e) 150%

Answers (11-15) with Explanation:

KRISHNA MOHAN

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Wednesday, 2 August 2017

PERCENTAGE ( WITH EXPLANATION)

PERCENTAGE ( WITH EXPLANATION)

PERCENTAGE

PERCENTAGE

Percentage (Study notes & Quiz)

Data Interpretation

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