Computer Terms & Abbreviations

Terms	Full Forms	Definitions
OS	Operating System	OS is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
OPEN GL	Open Graphics Library	OPEN GL is a cross-language, cross-platform application programming interface (API) for rendering 2D and 3D vector graphics.
OSI	Open Systems Interconnection	OSI is an effort to standardize computer networking that was started in 1977 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), along with the ITU-T.
PC	Personal Computer	PC is a multi-purpose electronic computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.
PPPoA	Point to Point Protocol Over ATM	PPPoA is a layer 2 data-link protocol typically used to connect domestic broadband modems to ISPs via phone lines. It is used mainly with DOCSIS and DSL carriers, by encapsulating PPP frames in AAL5.
PPPoE	Point to Point Protocol Over Ethernet	PPPoE is a network protocol for encapsulating Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) frames inside Ethernet frames. It is used mainly with DSL services where individual users connect to a DSL modem over Ethernet.
PDF	Portable Document Format	PDF is a file format used to present documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.
PHP	Hypertext Preprocessor	PHP is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML.
PB	PETA BYTE	1 PB = 106 GB
PiB	PEBI BYTE	1 PiB = 1.125 PB
PNG	Portable Network Graphics	PNG is a raster graphics file format that supports lossless data compression. PNG was created as an improved, non-patented replacement for Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
PNP	Plug and Play	PNP is one with a specification that facilitates the discovery of a hardware component in a system without the need for physical device configuration or user intervention in resolving resource conflicts.
PDA	Personal Digital Assistant	PDA is a mobile device that functions as a personal information manager.
PDU	Protocol Data Unit / Power Distribution Unit	PDU is a device fitted with multiple outputs designed to distribute electric power, especially to racks of computers and networking equipment located within a data center.
PPP	Point to Point Protocol	PPP is a data link protocol used to establish a direct connection between two nodes.
PAN	Personal Area Network	PAN is a computer network used for data transmission amongst devices such as computers, telephones, tablets and personal digital assistants.
PROM	Programmable Read Only Memory	PROM is a form of digital memory where the setting of each bit is locked by a fuse or antifuse. It is one of the type of ROM (read-only memory)
PCI	Peripheral Component Interconnect	PCI is part of the PCI Local Bus standard. The PCI bus supports the functions found on a processor bus but in a standardized format that is independent of any particular processor’s native bus.
POST	Power On Self Test	POST is the diagnostic testing sequence that a computer’s basic input/output system runs to determine if the computer keyboard, random access memory, disk drives, and other hardware are working correctly.
PSU	Power Supply Unit	PSU converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer.
PING	Packet Internet/Internetwork Groper	PING is a computer network administration software utility used to test the reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. It measures the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer that are echoed back to the source.
RAM	Random Access Memory	RAM is a form of computer data storage which stores frequently used program instructions to increase the general speed of a system.
RDBMS	Relational Data Base Management System	RDBMS is a database management system (DBMS) that is based on the relational model as invented by E. F. Codd, of IBM’s San Jose Research Laboratory.
ROM	Read Only Memory	ROM is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices.
RIP	Routing Information Protocol	RIP is an abbreviation of requiescat in pace or (in English) Rest in peace, often used in epitaphs.
RPM	Revolutions Per Minute	RPM is a measure of the frequency of rotation, specifically the number of rotations around a fixed axis in one minute.
RTF	Rich Text Format	RTF is a proprietary document file format with published specification developed by Microsoft Corporation from 1987 until 2008 for cross-platform document interchange with Microsoft products.
SMPS	Switch Mode Power Supply	SMPS is an electronic circuit that converts power using switching devices that are turned on and off at high frequencies, and storage components such as inductors or capacitors to supply power when the switching device is in its non-conduction state.
SMTP	Simple Mail Transfer Protocol	SMTP is an Internet standard for electronic mail (email) transmission. First defined by RFC 821 in 1982, it was last updated in 2008 with Extended SMTP additions by RFC 5321, which is the protocol in widespread use today.
SRAM	Static Random Access Memory	SRAM is random access memory (RAM) that retains data bits in its memory as long as power is being supplied. Unlike dynamic RAM (DRAM), which stores bits in cells consisting of a capacitor and a transistor, SRAM does not have to be periodically refreshed.