Computer Terms & Abbreviations

Terms	Full Form	Definition
GUI	Graphical User Interface	GUI is a type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation, instead of text-based user interfaces, typed command labels or text navigation.
GBPS	Gigabytes/Gigabits Per Second	GBPS is defined as a data transfer speed measurement for high-speed networks such as Gigabit Ethernet. When used to describe data transfer rates, a gigabit equals 1,000,000,000 bits.
3GPP	3rd Generation Partnership Project	3GPP is a collaboration between groups of telecommunications associations. The scope of 3GPP is to make a globally applicable third-generation (3G) mobile phone system specification based on evolved Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) specifications.
GML	Geography Markup Language	GML is the XML grammar defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) to express geographical features. It serves as a modeling language for geographic systems as well as an open interchange format for geographic transactions on the Internet.
GSM	Global System for Mobile Communication	GSM is a digital mobile telephony system that is widely used in Europe and other parts of the world. GSM uses a variation of time division multiple access (TDMA) and is the most widely used of the three digital wireless telephony technologies (TDMA, GSM, and CDMA).
GHz	GigaHertz	GHz is a clock frequency, also known as a clock rate or clock speed, representing a cycle of time. An oscillator circuit supplies a small amount of electricity to a crystal each second that is measured in KHz, MHz, or GHz.
GIGO	Garbage In Garbage Out	GIGO refers to the fact that computers, since they operate by logical processes, will unquestioningly process flawed, even nonsensical, input data (“garbage in”) and produce undesired, often nonsensical, output (“garbage out”).
HDMI	High Definition Multimedia Interface	HDMI is a proprietary audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI-compliant source device, such as a display controller, to a compatible computer monitor, video projector, digital television, or digital audio device.
HTTP	Hyper Text Transfer Protocol	HTTP is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, and hypermedia information systems.
HTTPS	Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure	HTTPS consists of communication over Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) within a connection encrypted by Transport Layer Security, or its predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer.
HTML	Hyper Text Markup Language	HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications. With Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and JavaScript it forms a triad of cornerstone technologies for the World Wide Web.
HD	Hard Disk	–
HDD	Hard Disk Drive	HDD is a data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material.
HPC	High Performance Computer	HPC is a computer with a high level of computing performance compared to a general-purpose computer.
HP	Hewlett Packard	HP is an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California. It developed and provided a wide variety of hardware components as well as software and related services to consumers.
HSDPA	High Speed Downlink Packet Access	HSDPA is an amalgamation of two mobile protocols, High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), that extends and improves the performance of existing 3G mobile telecommunication networks using the WCDMA protocols.
ISO	International Organization for Standardization	ISO is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.
IMAP	Internet Message Access Protocol	IMAP is a standard email protocol that stores email messages on a mail server, but allows the end user to view and manipulate the messages as though they were stored locally on the end user’s computing device.
INTEL	Integrated Electronics	INTEL is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California that was founded by Gordon Moore and Robert Noyce.
ISP	Internet Service Provider	ISP is an organization that provides services for accessing and using the Internet. Internet service providers may be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned.
INFO	Information	–
IP	Internet Protocol	IP is an identifier assigned to each computer and other device (e.g., printer, router, mobile device, etc.) connected to a TCP/IP network[1] that is used to locate and identify the node in communications with other nodes on the network.
IPV4	Internet Protocol Version 4	IPV4 is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol (IP). It is one of the core protocols of standards-based internetworking methods in the Internet, and was the first version deployed for production in the ARPANET in 1983.
IPV6	Internet Protocol Version 6	IPV6 is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet.
IO	Input Output	–
IOP	Input Output Processor	IOP is a high-performance input/output (I/O) architecture that is implemented in various forms on a number of computer architectures, especially on mainframe computers.
IBM	International Business Machines	IBM is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.
IC	Integrated Circuit	IC is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or “chip”) of semiconductor material, normally silicon.
ICT	Information Communication Technology	ICT is an umbrella term that includes any communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services and applications associated with them, such as videoconferencing and distance learning.
IT	Information Technology	IT is the application of computers to store, study, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data, or information, often in the context of a business or other enterprise. IT is considered a subset of information and communications technology (ICT).

Banking Terms And Abbreviations

Banking Terms And Abbreviations

Terms	Full Forms	Definitions
LAF	Liquidity Adjustment Facility	By this policy, banks are allowed through repurchase agreements to borrow money.
MCA	Ministry of Company Affairs	This Ministry regulates various sectors. Arun Jaitley is the current minister of MCA.
MSF	Ministry of Company Affairs	In emergency Situation this facility allows banks to borrow the required money from RBI (Reserve Bank of India).
MIBOR	Mumbai Inter Bank Offered Rate	–
MIS	Management Information System	The weaknesses and strengths of the company are measured by this system. It is just a planning tool system of the company.
MMSE	Minimum Mean Squared Errors	Basically, it is used to decrease the errors. It uses estimation to decrease the mean squared error.
NABARD	National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development	Established in 1982. Dr. Harsh Kumar Bhanwala is its chairman. This bank was set up for agricultural development.
NASSCOM	National Association of Software and Services Companies	It is a non-profit organization that was established in 1988. It has right now 1500 + members. R. Chandrasekhar is its president.
NCTC	National Counter Terrorism Centre	Indian government formed this center in 2008 after Mumbai attack. It comes under IB (Intelligence Bureau). It works for handling and controlling the terrorism.
NBFCs	Non Banking Finance Companies	Which not being a bank still act as a financial institute.
NBC	Non-Banking Companies	It acts as a financial institute.
NEFT	National Electronic Fund Transfer	One of a very effective and efficient electronic fund transfer system which started in India in 2005. Banks provides its customers with this facility with proper security for transferring the fund. The transfer limits are set at 2.5 lakhs.
NBFC	Non-Banking Financial Companies	This type of company has no interference of any bank and government as well and above that banking license not needed.
NEER	Nominal Effective Exchange Rate	NEER represents the difference between the value of a currency with respect to another currency. So simply this is a way to compare one country’s currency with another
NFA	Net Foreign Assets	This asset is equal to the balance of payment. NFA = Current account + Valuation Effect.
NSFR	Net Stable Funding Ratio	It was established just ahead of the crisis that occurred in 2007 -2008. NSFR = Available amount of stable funding / Required amount of stable funding >100%
NGO	Non-Government Organization	They are basically a Non – Profit Making Organization. In this NGOs number of countries comes together, gather money and work for nonprofit activity. The government is not supposed to take part in these activities.
NHB	National Housing Bank	RBI established it in 1988 under National Housing Bank act 1987. It is a financial institute for housing. It provides the house loan to the needy.
NSG	Nuclear Supplier Group	This group consists of seven countries’ government who are supposed to act as participants and they all works in the direction to control the people who are an expert of the equipment, used in the manufacturing of nuclear weapons.
NPA	Non Performing Assets	Basically, this term is used for those financial institutes who borrowed the money are in default due to loan. Because the borrower was not able to make the payment within 90 days after the due date and then they are considered as NPA.
NSC	National Statistical Commission	The government of India established it in 2006, to manage or handle the mistake and problems that statistical agencies make at the time of collecting data.
NSSF	National Small Savings Fund	The government established this in 1999 to pool all available small resources and put them together and simplify things for that category of customers whose financial savings or household savings are small.
OD	Overdraft	In this facility, companies can withdraw more money than their actual available balance in their bank accounts. This facility is provided to companies by the discretion of the bank.
ODA	Official Development Assistance	DAC (Development Assistance Committee) formed this to measure and keep a check on the transfer of resources from place to place.
OMO	Open Market Operations	OMO is basically carried out to maintain the currency liquidity. In which central bank buys or sells bonds in the open market.
PACS	Primary Agriculture Credit Societies	RBI established This Society in India to deal with a specific kind and level Customers (Gram Panchayat & village level).
PDAI	Primary Dealers Association of India	PDAI was formed under RBI by PD (Primary Dealers). It represents the market practices which develops a healthy market and are suitable for market.
PDO	Public Debt Office	PDO is a strategy for the ministry of finance for debt.
PIO	Persons of Indian Origin	Other than the citizens of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Pakistan, people can get this certificate.
PO	Principal Office