Computer Abbreviations and Meanings
AACE – Access Control Entry
ACL – Access Control List
ADO – Active Data Objects
ADSL – Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
AGP – Accelerated Graphics Port
AI – Artificial Intelligence
ALGOL – Algorithmic Language
ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit
ANSI – American National Standards Institute
AOL – America Online
API – Application Program Interface
APIPA – Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing
APT – Automatically Programmed Tooling
ARP – Address Resolution Protocol
ARPANET – Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
ASCII – American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASF – Advanced Streaming Format
ASM – Association for Systems Management
ASP – Active Server Pages
ATAPI – Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface
ATM – Asynchronous Transfer Mode
AUI – Attachment Unit Interface
AVI – Audio Video Interleave
B
B2B – Business to Business
B2C – Business to Commerce
BASIC – Beginner's All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
BCD – Binary Coded Decimal
BDPS – Business Data Processing Systems
BHTML – Broadcast Hyper Text Markup Language
BIOS – Basic Input Output System
BIU – Bus Interface Unit
BMP – Bitmap
BPS – Bytes Per Seconds
C
CAD – Computer Aided Design
CADD – Computer Added Drafting and Design
CAI – Computer Aided Instructuion
CAM – Computer Aided Manufacturing
CAR – Control Address Register
CASE – Computer Aided Software Engineering
CCIS – Common Channel Interoffice Signaling
CCNA – Cisco Certified Network Associate
CD–WORM – Compact Disc – Write Once Read Many
CD RW – Compact Disc ReWritable
CD – Compact Disc
C-DAC – Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
CDMA – Code Division Multiple Access
CDONTS – Collabaration on Data Objects for Windows NT Server
CDROM – Compact Disc Read Only Memory
CFG – Control Flow Graph
CGI – Common Gateway Interface
CGM – Computer Graphics Metafile
CIDR – Classless Inter–Domain Routing
CIM– Computer Integrated Manufacture
CISC – Complex Instruction Set Computers
CIX – Commercial Internet Exchange
CLR – Common Language Runtime
CMOS – Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
CMS – Content Management System
CMYK – Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Key (black)
COBOL – Common Business Oriented Language
COM – Component Object Model
CORBA – Common Object Request Broker Architecture
CPI – Clock Cycle Per Instruction
CPU – Central Processing Unit
CRC – Cyclic Redundancy Check
CRM – Customer Relationship Management
CROM – Control Read Only Memory
CRT – Cathode Ray Tube
CUI – Character User Interface
D
DAC – Digital to Analog Converter
DAO – Data Access Objects
DARPANET – Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
DAT – Digital Audio Tape
DBA – Data Base Administrator
DBMS – Data Base Management System
DCA – Defence Communication Agency
DCL – Data Control Language
DCOM – Distributed Component Object Model
DCP – Data Communication Processor
DDL – Data Definition Language
DDOS – Distributed Denial of Service
DDP – Distributed Data Processing
DFD – Data Flow Diagram
DFS – Distributed File System
DHCP – Domain Host Configuration Protocol
DHTML – Dynamics Hyper Text Markup Language
DLC – Data Link Control
DLL– Dynamic Link Library
DMA – Direct Memory Access
DML – Data Manipulation Language
DMTF – Distributed Management Test Force
DNA – Distributed Internet Architecture
DNS – Domain Name System
DOM – Document Object Model
DOS – Disk Operating System, Denial Of Service
DPI – Dots Per Inch
DRAM – Dynamic Random Access Memory
DSL – Digital Subscriber Line
DSN – Digital Subscriber Network
DTD – Document Type Definition
DVD – Digital Versatile Disc
E
E – Electronic
EAROM – Electrically Alterable Read Only Memory
EBCDIC – Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
EDC – Electronic Digital Computer
EDCDIC – Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
EEPROM – Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EFS – Encrypted File System
EJB – Enterprise Java Beans
ENIAC – Electronics Numerical Integrator and Calculator
EPROM – Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EROM – Erasable Read Only Memory
ERP – Enterprise Resource Planning
EULA – End User License Agreement
F
FAT – File Allocation Table
FDD – Floppy Disk Drive
FDDI – Fiber Distributed Data Interface
FDMA – Frequency Division Multiple Access
FIFO – First In First Out
FLOPS – Floating Point Operations Per Second
FO – Fiber Optics
FORTRAN – Formula Translation
FPS – Frames Per Second
FRAM – Ferro–electric Random Access Memory
FTP – File Transfer Protocol
G
GB – Giga Bytes
GIF – Graphic Interchange Format
GIGO – Garbage In Garbage Out
GML – General Markup Language
GNU – GNU's Not Unix
GPL – General Public License
GUI – Graphical User Interface
H
HDD – Hard Disk Drive
HFS – Hierarchical File System
HP – Hewlett Packard
HPC – High Performance Computing
HPFS – High Performance File System
HSR – Horizontal Scan Rate
HTML – Hyper Text Markup Language
HTTP – Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
I
IBM – International Business Machines
IC – Integrated Circuit
ICMP – Internet Control Message Protocol
ICS – Reduce Instruction Set Computer
ICT – Information and Communication Technology
IDE – Integrated Development Environment
IE – Internet Explorer
IGMP – Internet Group Management Protocol
IIS – Internet Information Server
IL – Intermediate Language
IO – Input Output
IOP – Input Output Processor
IP – Internet Protocol
IPX – Internetworked Packet Exchange
IRAM – Integration Ram
IRC – Internet Relay Chat
IrDA – Infrared Data Association
IRQ – Interrupt Request
ISAPI – Internet Server Application Program Interface
ISDN – Integrated Services Digital Network
ISO – International Standard Organization
ISP – Internet Service Provider
ISR – Interrupt Service Routine
IT – Information Technology
ITPL – Information Technology Park Limited (India)
J
JCL – Job Control Language
JDBC – Java Data Base Connectivity
JHTML – Java within Hyper Text Markup Language
JPEG – Joint Photographic Experts Group
JSP – Java Server Pages
K
KB – Kilo Bytes
KBPS – Kilo Bytes Per Second
L
L2TP – Layer Two Tunneling Protocol
LAN – Local Area Network
LCD – Liquid Crystal Display
LDAP – Light Weight Directory Access Control
LIFO – Last In First Out
LIPS – Logical Interfaces Per Second
LOC – Lines Of Code
LSI – Large Scale Integration
LSP – Layered Service Provider
M
MAC – Media Access Control
MAN – Metropolitan Area Network
MAU – Multi–station Access Unit
MB – Mega Bytes
MBONE – Multicast Backbone
MBPS – Mega Bytes Per Second
MBR – Master Boot Record
MCP – Microsoft Certified Professional
MCS – Multicast Server
MCSA – Microsoft® Certified Systems Administrator
MCSD – Microsoft® Certified Solution Developer
MCSE – Microsoft® Certified System Engineer
MDI – Multiple Document Interface
MDS– Microcomputer Development System
MFC – Microsoft Foundation Classes
MFT – Master File Table
MG – Mega Bytes
MICR – MagneticInk Characters Reader
MIDI – Musical Instrument Digital Interface
MIMD – Multiple Instruction Multiple Data
MIME – Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
MIPS – Millions of Instructions Per Second
MISD – Multiple Instruction Single Data
MODEM – Modulator and Demodulator
MP3 – Motion Pictures Experts Group Layer – 3
MPEG – Motion Pictures Experts Group
MS – MicroSoft
MSDN – MicroSoft Developer Network
MSIIS – Microsoft Internet Information Server
MSIL – Microsoft Intermediate Language
MSMQ – Microsoft Message Queue
MSN – MicroSoft Network
MSRAP – Microsoft Remote Administration Protocol
MSRPC – Microsoft Remote Procedure Call
MTS – Microsoft Transaction Server
MTU – Maximum Transmission Unit
MUDS – MultiUser Dungeons
N
NAS – Network Attached Storage
NASSCOM – National Association of Software and Service Companies
NCP – Network Control Protocol
NDIS – Network Driver Interface Specification
NDRO – Nondestructive Read Out
NetBEUI – NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface
NIC – National Informatics Centre,
NIIT – National Institute of Information Technology
NNTP – Network News Transfer Protocol
NOW – Network Of Workstations
NSFNET – National Science Foundation Network
NT (Windows) – New Technology
NTFS – New Technology File System
NTP – Network Time Protocol
O
OCP – Oracle Certified Professional
OCR – Optical Character Readers
ODBC – Open Data Base Connectivity
OLE – Object Linking and Embedding
OMR – Optical Mark Reader
ONE – Open Network Architecture
OOA – Object Orient Analysis
OOAD – Object Oriented Analysis and Design
OOP – Object Oriented Programming
OOPS – Object Oriented Programming System
OPEN GL – Open Graphics Library
OS – Operating System
OSI – Open System Interconnection
P
PC – Personal Computer
PCI – Peripheral Component Interconnect
PCMCIA – Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PDA – Personal Digital Assistant
PDF – Portable Document Format
PDL – Page Description Language
PDU – Protocol Data Unit
PHP – PHP Hypertext Processor
PIC – Programming Interrupt Control
PILOT – Programmed Inquiry Learning Or Teaching
PLA – Programmable Logic Array
PLC – Programmable Logic Controller
PNG – Portable Network Graphics
PNP – Plug And Play
POP – Post Office Protocol
POST – Power On Self Test
PPP – Peer to Peer Protocol
PPTP – Point To Point Tunneling Protocol
PROM – Programmable Read Only Memory
PS – Post Script
PSN – Processor Serial Number
Q
QoS – Quality of Service
R
RADSL – RateAdaptive Digital Subscribes Line
RAID – Redundant Array of Independent Disks
RAM – Random Access Memory
RAMDAC – Random Access Memory Digital to Analog Converter
RAS – Remote Access Network
RD RAM – Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory
R-DAT – Rotating Digital Audio Tape
RDBMS – Relational Data Base Management System
RDO – Remote Data Objects
RDP – Remote Desktop Protocol
RFC – Request for Comments
RGB – Red Green Blue
RICS – Reduced Instruction Set Computer
RIP – Raster Image Processor
RISC – Reduced Instruction Set Computer
ROM – Read Only Memory
RPC – Remote Procedure Call
RTC – Real Time Clock
RTF – Rich Text Format
RTOS – Real Time Operating System
S
S-DAT – Stationary Digital Audio Tape
SACK – Selective Acknowledgements
SAM – Security Access Manager
SAP – Service Access Point, Systems Applications Products
SCMP – Software Configuration Management Plan
SCSI – Small Computers Systems Interface
SD RAM – Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
SDD – Software Design Description
SDK – Software Development Kit
SDL – Storage Definition Language
SDN – Integrated Service Digital Network
SDRAM – Static Dynamic Random Access Memory
SDSL – Symmetric Digital Subscribes Line
SG RAM – Synchronous Graphics Random Access Memory
SGML – Standard Generalized Markup Language
SIM – Subscriber Identification Module
SIMD – Single Instruction Multiple Data
SISD – Single Instruction Single Data
SIU – Serial Interface Unit
SMP – Symmetric Multi Process
SMS – Short Message Service
SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SNA – System Network Architecture
SNAP – Sub Network Access Protocol
SNMP – Simple Network Management Protocol
SNOBOL – String Oriented Symbolic Language
SOAP – Simple Object Access Protocol
SPX – Sequenced Packet Exchange
SQA – Statistical Quality Assurance
SQL – Structured Query Language
SRAM – Static Random Access Memory
SRS – Software Requirements Specification
STP – Shielded Twisted Pair
SVVP – Software Verification and Validation Plan
SW – Software
T
TAPI – Telephony Application Program Interface
TB – Tera Bytes
TCP – Transmission Control Protocol
TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
TDI – Transport Data Interface
TDMA – Time Division Multiple Access
TPM – Transactions Processing Monitor
TSR – Terminate and Stay Residents
U
UDD – User Datagram Protocol
UDP – User Datagram Protocol
UI – User Interface
UML – Unified Modelling Language
UNC – Universal Naming Convention
UNIX – Uniplexed Information and Computer Systems
URL – Universal Resource Locator
USB – Universal Serial Bus
USRT– Universal Synchronous Receiver Transmitted
UTP – Unshielded Twisted Pair
V
VAN – Virtual Area Network
VAST– Very Small Aperture Terminal
VB – Visual Basic
VC++ – Visual C++
VCD – Video Compact Disc
VDL – View Definition Language
VGA – Video Graphics Array
VHS – Video Home System
VLIW – Very Long Instruction Words
VLSI – Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits
VPN – Virtual Private Network
VRAM – Video Random Access Memory
VRML – Virtual Reality Modelling Language
VS – Visual Studio
VSNL – Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited
VVR – Software Validation and Validation Report
VXD – Virtual Device Driver
W
W3C – World Wide Web Consortium
WAIS – Wide Area Information Servers
WAN – Wide Area Network
WAP – Wireless Application Protocol
WBEM – Web Base Enterprise Management
WDM – Wave Division Multiplexing
WHQL – Windows Hardware Quality Lab
Windows ME – Windows Millennium Edition
Windows NT – Windows New Technology
Windows XP – Windows eXPerienced
WINS – Windows Internet Name Services
WMI – Windows Management Instrumentation
WML – Wireless Markup Language
WORM – Write Once Read Many
WSH – Windows Script Host
WWW – World Wide Web
WYSIWYG – What You See Is What You Get
X
XHTML – eXtensible Hyper Text Markup Language
XML – eXtensible Markup Language
XSL – eXtensible Style Sheet language
Y
Y2K – Year 2000
Z
ZIF – Zero Insertion Force
