INDIA PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

INDIA PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY- PART 2

CLASSIFICATION OF HIMALAYA ON THE BASIS OF GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION:

INDIA PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

NAME          LOCATION                DISTANCE
1. Punjab Himalaya between Indus and Sutlej 560 km

2. Kumaon Himalaya between Sutluj and Kali 320 km

3. Nepal Himalaya between Kali and Tista 800 km

4. Assam Himalaya between Tista and Dihang 720 km

THE PURVANCHAL

(The North Eastern Highland)

The Himalaya range after crossing the Dihang gorge in the east, bend southwards, forming a series of hills,in north south trend.

Hills, North Cachar Hills and the Tripura Hills.

Puru-Nefa

(I) Mishmi Hills

The highest range of Purvanchal Hills which is situated in the north-eastern part of Arunachal Pradesh.

(II) Patkai Bum

A synclinal range extending north south in Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.

NAGA RANGES

Forms watershed between Nagaland and Myanmar.

MANIPUR HILLS

Characterized by ridge and valley type of topography

Loktak lake (centripetal drainage) is situated in this hill.

NORTH CACHAR HILLS

Larger portion of hilly belt lying between Meghalaya and the North eastern ranges.

MIZO HILLS

Previously known as Lushai Hills

Characterized by cuesta type of topography

TRIPURA HILLS

Characterized by ridge and valley topography

THE NORTHERN PLAINS OF INDIA

East-West Extent 2,400 km (3,200 km if the Indus plains are included)

Average width:150-300km

1.Largest alluvial tract of the world, extending from the mouth of Indus to the mouth of Ganga between Peninsular plateau and the northern are of the mountains.

2.Alluvial in nature, and are composed of Bhangar (old alluvium), Khadar (new alluvium) in river bed. 

Bhabar (porous gravel ridden plains at the foot of Himalaya) and Terai (damp thickly forest area, where bhabar stream reappears)

some important facts about himalaya....

1)The general nature of the Great Himalayan Range is one of the youngest mountain ranges of the world 

2) The nature of extension of the Himalayan Range in India It extends from Jammu & Kashmir to the North-Eastern states of Manipur-Mizoram

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3)  the approximate length of Himalayas in India iS About 2,500 Km

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4)The Plate Tectonic Theory (A collision between two continental tectonic plates resulted in evolution of the Himalayas from bed of an old sea) is the most proven theory about evolution of Himalayas

5) It has been proven that an ancient sea existed before evolution of the Himalayas and the name of this sea, whose evidences can still be seen in some Himalayan ranges is Tethys Sea (Fossils of ocean creatures have been discovered in the Himalayas

6) Sagarmatha is the popular name of Himalayas and Mt. Everest in Nepal

7) The Himalayan Range has been classified under 4 broad parts or categories A) Greater Himalaya or Himadri,B) Middle or Low Himalayas C) Sub-Himalayas (Shivalik, etc.) and D) Tibet Himalayas 

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8) The highest and loftiest peaks of the Himalayas are found in  Greater Himalayas (This category has Mt. Everest, Kanchenjunga, Makalu and Dhaulagiri peaks and concentrated in Eastern Nepal-Sikkim-South West China region)  – Greater Himalayas (This category has Mt. Everest, Kanchenjunga, Makalu and Dhaulagiri peaks and concentrated in Eastern Nepal-Sikkim-South West China region)

9) Pir Panjal, Dhauladhar and Mahabharata Ranges the most important ranges of Middle or Low Himalayas

10) Shivalik Ranges of Himalayas is believed to be the youngest one (i.e., was formed latest)

11) Sub-Himalayan or the Shivalik part of Himalayas is spread over Parts of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand (This part is the lowest part of the Great Himalayan Range) Indian states

12) Tibet Himalayas is the part of Himalayas is often described as ‘Trans-Himalayas’ or ‘Himalayas after Himalalayas’

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13) India’s highest peak K-2 (Godwin Austin) is situated in – Karakoram ranges towards north of Himalayas, which is also a branch of the Himalayas

14) Himalayas bend in U-direction in North-Eastern region region of India

15) The Himalaya-Tibet region is supposed to supply fresh-water to approximately how much part of world population