Chief Agriculture Products and the Chief Producers

Chief Agriculture Products and the Chief Producers

1. Wheat: It grows better in the prairie and steppe regions and areas with areas with temperate climate. Ideal temperature is between 15 and 20 C and loamy soils with good drainage are suitable. Rainfall of about 75 cm or irrigation is required.Chief producers are China, India, USA,France and Russia.

2. Rice: A crop of humid and hot-to-warm climates, it is grown mainly in regions of tropical monsoon climate. It requires a temperature of about 20 C to 27 C, a clay-rich alluvial soil with good water retention capacity and a rainfall of about 100 cm or assured irrigation facilities. Chief producers are China. India and Indonesia.

3. Maize: This is the most important crop among coarse grains. It is native of America where it is known as corn. It grows best in areas having 18 to 27 C temperature and 60 to 70 cm rainfall. Loam to sandy loams are ideal soils.Chief producers are USA, China, Brazil, Mexico and Nigeria.

4. Millets: This group of crops includes jowar, bajra and ragi. These crops are grown in areas of low rainfall and poor. Most of the millets are grown in tropical regions with a rainfall of up to 60 cm. Chief producers are India, Nigeria and China.

5. Barley: It is a rich source of protein and can be grown in all those areas where wheat can be grown. Chief producers are Russia, Canada, Germany and Ukraine.

6. Oil Seeds: These are the seeds from which vegetable oils are extracted. The most important oil seeds are groundnuts, soybeans, coconut and mustard. India is the leading producer of groundnuts, USA and China of soybean, and India and Brazil of other oil seeds such as mustard and castor seed. The leading producer of coconut are Philippines, Indonesia, India and Sri Lanka. Another important source of edible oil are the palm kernels. Nigeria and Malaysia are the leading producers of palm kernels and palm oil. An important industrial oil is linseed oil which is obtained from seeds of the flax plant. Argentina, Canada, India USA and Russia are the leading producers of linseed oil.

7. Tea: Tea is an important beverage crop and it is raised in monsoon climates on mountain slopes. It requires a temperature of over 21 C and a rainfall of about 200 cm. Chief producers are India, China, Sri Lanka and Kenya.

8. Coffee: It is also a beverage crop and the beverage is obtained fro the seeds of the plant. It requires a temperature of about 26 C and rainfall of about 150 to 200 cm. Chief producers of coffee and Brazil, Columbia, Mexico, Indonesia and Uganda.

9. Cocoa: Cocoa is used both as a beverage and for chocolate. It requires a high temperature and a rainfall of more than 200 cm. The leading producers of cocoa are Ivory Coast, Ghana, Brazil, Indonesia and Nigeria.

10. Sugarcane: It is the major source of sugar. It grows best in the areas having temperature between 20 and 28 C, rainfall of about 120cm or assured irrigation facilities and deep fertile soils. Chief producers are India, Brazil, USA and Cuba, India has the largest area under this crop.

11. Sugar-beet: It is a root crop requiring deep friable (easy to crumble) soil. Rainfall of about 65 cm is adequate. Leading producers are Ukraine, France, Germany and the Baltic Republic.

12. Tobacco: It requires a warm growing season with temperature above 18oC and a frostfree period of 120 to 180 days. Chief producer are China, USA, India and Brazil.

13. Rubber: It requires a humid tropical climate with temperature around 27oC and rainfall of more than 150 cm. Alluvial soils are suitable, provided they are well drained. Chief producers are Thailand. Indonesia and Malaysia.

14. Cotton: Cotton is a fibre crop and cotton fibre is obtained from the fruit bolls of the plant. Chief producers are China, USA, India, Pakistan and Uzbekistan. The leading producers of long staple cotton are USA and Egypt.

15. Jute: This is another fibre crop. Jute fibre is obtained from the skin of the plant. It is crop of the tropical regions having a temperature of 27 to 30 C and rainfall of 100 to 200cm. Chief producers of jute are India and Bangladesh.

16. Flax: A fibre crop of the temperature regions, flax requires a summer temperature of 16 to 18 C and 50 to 75 cm rainfall. Well-drained clayey or loam soils are ideal. The leading producers are Russia, the Baltic Republic and Poland.

17. Hemp: Also a fibre crop, it requires conditions similar to flax. Chief producers are Russia, Ukraine, India and China.

18. Silk: The rearing of silkworms for silk is called sericulture and has been traditionally an occupation of the Chief producers of raw silk are China, India and Japan. Mulberry and tassar are the main varieties of silk produced in India.

19. Grapes: These are grown in Mediterranean climate with rainy winters. Chief producers are Italy, “France and USA.Grapes are dried to produce raising and the leading producers of raisins are Turkey, USA and Iran.

20. Banana: It is a fruit of the tropical climate. Leading producers are India, Philippines and China.

21. Mangoes: It is also a tropical fruit growing in areas with a warm rainy summer. Leading producers are India, Pakistan and China.

22. Apples: These require a temperature climate. Chief producers are China, France and Italy.

23. Pineapples: They are a product of rainy tropics with temperature above 25 C and rainfall exceeding 150 cm. Thailand, Philippines, China and India are the leading producers.

24. Spices: Most of the spices are tropical products. Pepper is obtained from a vine. Malaysia, India and Indonesia are leading producers.

25. Potatoes: It is a crop of temperature climate. Chief producers are China, Russia, USA and India.